2017
DOI: 10.1186/s40463-017-0239-6
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Abstract: Background With an increasing proportion of the population living in cities, mass transportation has been rapidly expanding to facilitate the demand, yet there is a concern that mass transit has the potential to result in excessive exposure to noise, and subsequently noise-induced hearing loss. Methods Noise dosimetry was used to measure time-integrated noise levels in a representative sample of the Toronto Mass Transit system (subway, streetcar, and buses) both aboard … Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…In contrast, during the same period, cyclists' noise exposure is, however, less often examined. First, some studies have compared the individual exposure to noise by mode of transportation [26][27][28][29][30][31]. For example, a recent study conducted during rush hours in Montreal (Canada) has demonstrated that cyclists levels of exposure to noise (L Aeq, 1min ) are significantly greater than motorists exposure, but lower than public transit commuters (68.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, during the same period, cyclists' noise exposure is, however, less often examined. First, some studies have compared the individual exposure to noise by mode of transportation [26][27][28][29][30][31]. For example, a recent study conducted during rush hours in Montreal (Canada) has demonstrated that cyclists levels of exposure to noise (L Aeq, 1min ) are significantly greater than motorists exposure, but lower than public transit commuters (68.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As a note on variables, the research team removed the presence of public art at the stations, as all stations except for one displayed public art. Variables that were considered, as suggested by literature [72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81], included structural features like walls within the stations, restrooms, information centers, ticket offices, crew rooms, and map boxes to observe whether they emitted sound throughout the stations or not [72,73,74,75]. Also, crew rooms, restrooms, shelters, benches, windscreens, bus bays, and trash receptacles are regularly cleaned by custodial staff in the study locations [76].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The number of parking spaces is considered to assess the relationship between sound levels and personal vehicle and ride-sharing services (Uber or Lyft) adjacent to the stations [79,80]. Bike facilities are important features of TOD stations as a part of multi-modal transportation [72,80]. Stations designed with bike lockers encourage frequent and high usage of bicycles as a mode of transportation [80].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[9][10][11][12][13] Of these, many revealed exposure levels above 80 dBA, but often reached over 100 dBA. 9,10,12,13 Subway/Underground transport methods were normally associated with higher mean sound pressure levels, and therefore deemed to place individuals at higher theoretical risks of noise induced injury. 9 In response to a number of reports in news outlets showing high noise exposure levels on the London underground system, with no published studies within the literature, we sought to formally examine sound pressure exposure levels, which may be a significant contributing factor to noise induced hearing loss.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%