No evidence of divergence at neutral genetic markers between the two morphologically different subspecies of the most numerous Arctic seabird

Wojczulanis‐Jakubas, Katarzyna; Kilikowska, Adrianna; Fort, Jérôme; Gavrilo, Maria; Jakubas, Dariusz; Friesen, Vicki L.

doi:10.1111/ibi.12294

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Diversity metrics recovered by both markers, as represented by allelic richness and observed heterozygosity, were low compared to other super-abundant seabird species (Wojczulanis-Jakubas et al 2015, Yannic et al 2016), but were largely consistent with studies of other breeding gulls and terns (Perez et al 2020) and were comparable to past assessments of roseate tern genetic diversity (Lashko 2004;Dayton & Szczys 2021). Results from SNP markers suggested that all 4 sampling locations showed evidence of recent declines, consistent with known population declines in both the early and mid-20 th century for the Northwestern population (USFWS 2020) and probable declines in the Florida and USVI populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Most seabird species have the potential to disperse across vast distances. Accordingly, they typically exhibit an overall lack of genetic structure among populations within the same oceanic basin (Tigano et al 2015), with dispersal among populations typically inhibited by geographic barriers such as land, but not by distance between breeding sites (Genovart et al 2003;Bicknell et al 2012;Mariano-Jelicich & Madrid 2014;Wojczulanis-Jakubas et al 2015;Yannic et al 2016;Quillfeldt et al 2017). As many seabirds are migratory, population connectivity is often linked to wintering movements, with dispersal aided by movement along migratory routes (Szczys et al 2017) or by mixing of geographically disjunct populations on shared wintering grounds, resulting in individuals following conspeci cs to new breeding populations (Sonsthagen et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation Genomics Reveals Low Connectivity Among Populations of Threatened Roseate Terns in the Atlantic Basin

Byerly

Chesser

Fleischer

et al. 2021

Preprint

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While the effects of barriers to dispersal such as population declines, habitat fragmentation, and geographic distance have been well-documented in terrestrial wildlife, factors impeding the dispersal of highly vagile taxa such as seabirds are less well understood. The roseate tern (Sterna dougallii) is a globally distributed seabird species, but populations tend to be both fragmented and small, and the species is declining across most of its range. Within the Atlantic Basin, past work has shown differentiation among roseate terns breeding on different continents, but these results were generated with a limited number of microsatellite markers. Relationships between breeding populations in the Northwestern Atlantic and the Caribbean have never been analyzed. We evaluated population structuring of roseate tern populations in North America and the Azores using both microsatellite markers and single-nucleotide polymorphisms generated through targeted sequencing of Ultra-conserved Elements. For both marker types, we found significant genetic differentiation among all 3 populations and evidence for moderate contemporary unidirectional gene flow from the Caribbean to the Azores, but not among other populations. Within the Caribbean metapopulation, we found high rates of unidirectional migration from the Virgin Islands to Florida, potentially indicative of movement from source population to sink or an artifact of dispersal among other unsampled populations in the Caribbean region. These observations have significance for species persistence in the Atlantic, as our results suggest that loss of genetic diversity within populations is unlikely to be buffered by inflow of new alleles from other breeding populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Genomics Reveals Low Connectivity Among Populations of Threatened Roseate Terns in the Atlantic Basin

Byerly

Chesser

Fleischer

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The results of studies focussed on these issues have the potential to be extrapolated to other groups of organisms. Circumpolar High Arctic breeding range (Wojczulanis-Jakubas et al 2011b) Gene flow between populations Circumpolar High Arctic breeding range (Wojczulanis-Jakubas et al 2014c, 2015b Ecotoxicology Transfer of pollution from sub-Arctic and temperate zone non-breeding areas to the High Arctic Breeding in the High Arctic and wintering in the sub-Arctic and temperate zones (Fort et al 2013;Renedo et al 2020;Pacyna-Kuchta et al 2020;Albert et al 2021) Microbiology Bacterial resistance to antibiotics Breeding in a pristine, antibiotic-free environment (Literak et al 2014) Climate change Link between environmental conditions, population size, distribution, reproductive performance and survival Endemic Arctic species are especially vulnerable to the consequences of climate change (Jakubas et al , 2016(Jakubas et al , 2017(Jakubas et al , 2020(Jakubas et al , 2022Kwasniewski et al 2012Kwasniewski et al , 2010Karnovsky et al 2010;Grémillet et al 2012;Hovinen et al 2014a, b;Ramírez et al 2017;Amélineau et al 2019) Scenarios of future foraging habitat suitability Endemic Arctic species are especially vulnerable to the consequences of climate change (Jakubas et al 2017;Clairbaux et al 2019)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the model of isolation by distance, such differentiation has been documented for the Little Auk (Wojczulanis- Jakubas et al 2014c). Even the two morphologically different Little Auk subspecies are quite similar with respect to both mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite loci (Wojczulanis-Jakubas et al 2015b). The genetic similarity of the breeding populations across the whole range, including both subspecies, is likely to be an effect of strong gene flow between populations, which may well be facilitated by the overlapping wintering areas of the various breeding populations (SEATRACK project website http:// seatr ack.…”

Section: Weak Genetic Population Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Little Auk Alle alle: an ecological indicator of a changing Arctic and a model organism

2021

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The Little Auk Alle alle is a small planktivorous auk breeding colonially in the High Arctic. Owing to its large population size and bi-environmental lifestyle, resulting in the large-scale transport of matter from sea to land, the Little Auk is one of the most important components of the marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the Arctic. As a result of globalization, which facilitates access to remote areas of the Earth, a growing number of studies is being dedicated to this endemic Arctic seabird. Research has focussed primarily on the importance of the Little Auk as an ecological indicator reacting to the climatic and oceanological changes that are particularly evident in the Arctic as a result of Arctic amplification (warming is more rapid in the Arctic than in any other region on Earth). Importantly, the species is also used as a model to investigate matter and energy flow through the ecosystem, mate choice, parental care and biological rhythms. Here, we review the natural history of the Little Auk, highlighting studies with the potential to provide answers to universal questions regarding the response of seabirds to climate variability and avian reproductive behaviour, e.g. threshold of foraging flexibility in response to environmental variability, carry-over effects between the breeding and non-breeding periods, the reasons for the transition from bi- to uni-parental care, parental coordination mechanisms.

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“…(); 65 , Moum & Arnason (); 66 , Wojczulanis‐Jakubas et al . (); 67 , Birt et al . (); 68 , Friesen, Piatt & Baker (); 69 , Wallace et al .…”

Section: Approachunclassified

Identifying mechanisms of genetic differentiation among populations in vagile species: historical factors dominate genetic differentiation in seabirds

et al. 2020

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Elucidating the factors underlying the origin and maintenance of genetic variation among populations is crucial for our understanding of their ecology and evolution, and also to help identify conservation priorities. While intrinsic movement has been hypothesized as the major determinant of population genetic structuring in abundant vagile species, growing evidence indicates that vagility does not always predict genetic differentiation. However, identifying the determinants of genetic structuring can be challenging, and these are largely unknown for most vagile species. Although, in principle, levels of gene flow can be inferred from neutral allele frequency divergence among populations, underlying assumptions may be unrealistic. Moreover, molecular studies have suggested that contemporary gene flow has often not overridden historical influences on population genetic structure, which indicates potential inadequacies of any interpretations that fail to consider the influence of history in shaping that structure. This exhaustive review of the theoretical and empirical literature investigates the determinants of population genetic differentiation using seabirds as a model system for vagile taxa. Seabirds provide a tractable group within which to identify the determinants of genetic differentiation, given their widespread distribution in marine habitats and an abundance of ecological and genetic studies conducted on this group. Herein we evaluate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in 73 seabird species. Lack of mutation-drift equilibrium observed in 19% of species coincided with lower estimates of genetic differentiation, suggesting that dynamic demographic histories can often lead to erroneous interpretations of contemporary gene flow, even in vagile species. Presence of land across the species sampling range, or sampling of breeding colonies representing ice-free Pleistocene refuge zones, appear to be associated with genetic differentiation in Tropical and Southern Temperate species, respectively, indicating that long-term barriers and persistence of populations are important for their genetic structuring. Conversely, biotic factors commonly considered to influence population genetic structure, such as spatial segregation during foraging, were inconsistently associated with population genetic differentiation. In light of these results, we recommend that genetic studies should consider potential historical events when identifying determinants of genetic differentiation among populations to avoid overestimating the role of contemporary factors, even for highly vagile taxa.

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No evidence of divergence at neutral genetic markers between the two morphologically different subspecies of the most numerous Arctic seabird

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Conservation Genomics Reveals Low Connectivity Among Populations of Threatened Roseate Terns in the Atlantic Basin

Conservation Genomics Reveals Low Connectivity Among Populations of Threatened Roseate Terns in the Atlantic Basin

The Little Auk Alle alle: an ecological indicator of a changing Arctic and a model organism

Identifying mechanisms of genetic differentiation among populations in vagile species: historical factors dominate genetic differentiation in seabirds

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