No evidence for the presence of oogonia in the human ovary after their final clearance during the first two years of life

Byskov, Anne Grete; Høyer, P. E.; Andersen, Claus Yding; Kristensen, Stine Gry; Jespersen, Åse; Møllgård, Kjeld

doi:10.1093/humrep/der145

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…3). However, many labs could not confirm the presence of oocyte stem cells in mouse (Eggan et al 2006, Lei & Spradling 2013 and human (Byskov et al 2011). Moreover, recent work showed uncertainty in the specificity of antibodies used for the isolation of murine and human oocyte stem cells (Albertini & Gleicher 2015), and the inability of follicle formation after grafting these oocyte stem cells into mouse postnatal ovaries (Zhang et al 2015).…”

Section: Limitation Of Iva Treatment and Future Studies: The Prospectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency

Kawashima

Kawamura

2017

Reproduction

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The mammalian ovary is an organ that controls female germ cell development, storing them and releasing mature oocytes for transporting to the oviduct. During the fetal stage, female germ cells change from a proliferative state to meiosis before forming follicles with the potential for the growth of surrounding somatic cells. Understanding of molecular and physiological bases of germ cell development in the fetal ovary contributed not only to the elucidation of genetic disorders in primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), but also to the advancement of novel treatments for patients with POI. Accumulating evidence indicates that mutations in NOBOX, DAZL and FIGLA genes are associated with POI. In addition, cell biology studies revealed the important roles of these genes as essential translational factors for germ cell development. Recent insights into the role of the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-AKT signaling pathway in primordial follicle activation allowed the development of a new infertility treatment, IVA (in vitro activation), leading to successful pregnancy/delivery in POI patients. Furthermore, elucidation of genetic dynamics underlying female germ cell development could allow regeneration of oocytes from ES (embryonic stem)/iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells in mammals. The purpose of this review is to summarize basic findings related to female germ cell development and potential clinical implications, especially focusing on POI etiologies. We also summarize evolving new POI therapies based on IVA as well as oocyte regeneration.Reproduction (2017) 153 R205-R213

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Section: Limitation Of Iva Treatment and Future Studies: The Prospectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency

Kawashima

Kawamura

2017

Reproduction

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“…Thus, retention in small cysts might represent the way to preserve undifferentiated PGCs within the post-natal ovary. Some evidence exists that in the mouse and in some primate species, including humans pre-meiotic proliferating PGCs/oogonia remain in the post-natal ovary during the first period after birth perhaps until puberty (Motta & Makabe 1982, McClellan et al 2003, Johnson et al 2004, Telfer 2004, Byskov et al 2011, Zhang et al 2012. The question of whether any of these proliferating germ cells become follicle-enclosed oocytes remains open.…”

Section: Fgscs Could Originate From Undifferentiated Pgcs or A Subpopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeking the origin of female germline stem cells in the mammalian ovary

Felici

Barrios

2013

Reproduction

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The function of female germline stem cells (FGSCs, also called oogonial stem cells) in the adult mammalian ovary is currently debated in the scientific community. As the evidence to support or discard the possible crucial role of this new class of germ cells in mammals has been extensively discussed, in this review, we wonder which could be their origin. We will assume that FGSCs are present in the post-natal ovaries and speculate as to what origin and characteristics such cells could have. We believe that the definition of these features might shed light on future experimental approaches that could clarify the ongoing debate.Reproduction (2013) 146 R125-R130

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“…This is associated with widespread changes in protein expression, including downregulation of pluripotency factors, OCT4, NANOG, C-KIT, and LIN28 (8,11,(17)(18)(19)(20), and upregulation of markers of germ cell differentiation and meiosis, such as VASA, DAZL, STRA8, and SYCP3 (5,6,20). In human fetal ovaries, meiotic entry is initiated asynchronously from around GW 10-11 and constitutes the transition from oogonia to oocytes (17,20,22,41). This was recently confirmed by the presence of γH2AX-positive (marks double-strand breaks) oogonia at GW 10 (5) and SCP3-positive oogonia from GW 12-14 (42,43).…”

Section: Initiation Of Meiosis In Fetal Ovariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fetal ovaries, germ cells are termed oogonia once they reside within the gonad (17), and they irreversibly commit to the female developmental pathway when initiating the first meiotic division (5,6). During oogenesis, the mitotically dividing oogonia differentiate to primary oocytes by initiation of meiosis, coinciding with a permanent downregulation of pluripotency genes, i.e., OCT4, NANOG, C-KIT, and LIN28 (8,11,(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During oogenesis, the mitotically dividing oogonia differentiate to primary oocytes by initiation of meiosis, coinciding with a permanent downregulation of pluripotency genes, i.e., OCT4, NANOG, C-KIT, and LIN28 (8,11,(17)(18)(19)(20). Because meiotic entry in humans is asynchronous, some oogonia initiate meiosis and differentiate to oocytes from GW 10-11, while another subpopulation of oogonia continues to express the pluripotency markers and remains proliferating until around 21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of meiotic entry and gonadal sex differentiation in the human: normal and disrupted signaling

Jørgensen

Meyts

2014

Biomolecular Concepts

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Meiosis is a unique type of cell division that is performed only by germ cells to form haploid gametes. The switch from mitosis to meiosis exhibits a distinct sex-specific difference in timing, with female germ cells entering meiosis during fetal development and male germ cells at puberty when spermatogenesis is initiated. During early fetal development, bipotential primordial germ cells migrate to the forming gonad where they remain sexually indifferent until the sex-specific differentiation of germ cells is initiated by cues from the somatic cells. This irreversible step in gonadal sex differentiation involves the initiation of meiosis in fetal ovaries and prevention of meiosis in the germ cells of fetal testes. During the last decade, major advances in the understanding of meiosis regulation have been accomplished, with the discovery of retinoic acid as an inducer of meiosis being the most prominent finding. Knowledge about the molecular mechanisms regulating meiosis signaling has mainly been established by studies in rodents, while this has not yet been extensively investigated in humans. In this review, the current knowledge about the regulation of meiosis signaling is summarized and placed in the context of fetal gonad development and germ cell differentiation, with emphasis on results obtained in humans. Furthermore, the consequences of dysregulated meiosis signaling in humans are briefly discussed in the context of selected pathologies, including testicular germ cell cancer and some forms of male infertility.

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No evidence for the presence of oogonia in the human ovary after their final clearance during the first two years of life

Abstract: We found no evidence for the presence of oogonia in the human ovary after their final clearing during the first 2 years. We suggest that perinatal medullary WB and FWB give rise to the groups of small, healthy follicles in the medulla.

Cited by 67 publications

References 55 publications

Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency

Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency

Seeking the origin of female germline stem cells in the mammalian ovary

Regulation of meiotic entry and gonadal sex differentiation in the human: normal and disrupted signaling

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