Nitrogen fertilization affects yield and fruit quality in pear

Sete, Paula Beatriz; Comin, Jucinei José; Ciotta, Marlise Nara; Salume, Jamilli Almeida; Thewes, Fábio Rodrigo; Brackmann, Auri; Toselli, Moreno; Nava, Gilberto; Rozane, Danilo Eduardo; Loss, Arcângelo; Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério; Couto, Rafael da Rosa; Brunetto, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108782

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Meanwhile, HN treatment resulted relatively smaller leaf areas, lower SPAD values and contents of NPK as compared to CF treatment (Tables 1, 3-4), which indicated that the excessive N supply could not continuously promote the vegetative growth, we speculate that excessive N may reduce N utilization efficiency of plants 13,21 . However, previous studies on pear 22 and grape 25 showed opposite results that increasing N can continuously and significantly increase leaf area, but it leads to relatively lower NPK accumulation in leaves due to the dilution effect. P is generally considered can significantly promote root development, in the present study however, it was found that the effect of P on root development is significantly affected by N form.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…These findings indicated that different plants have different optimal ranges of nutrient demands, different concentrations, different ratios, and even different nutrient availability can have quite different effects on plant growth and development. www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ The role of N promoting fast plant growth is known since decades, however, most of the previous researches were focus on the grafted seedling, in other words, the interaction between rootstocks and scions [21][22][23][24][25] , while our research mainly focused on rootstock itself. It was found in the present study that the shoot height and stem diameter of rootstocks under HN treatment were slightly lower than MF treatment (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of loquat rootstocks and stem lignification

Chu

2020

Sci Rep

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Grafting is a common method of variety propagation in loquat breeding, the slow growth of rootstocks is a main factor limiting the expansion of this technique. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of seven different fertilizer formulas on the growth of loquat rootstock seedlings, five water-soluble fertilizer formulas, as well as organic fertilizer and controlled-release fertilizer were evaluated. An unfertilized control (CK) was also performed. Growth indicators including plant height, stem thickening and lignification, leaf area, root development, dry matter accumulation, spatial distribution of nutrient elements, and cross-sectional anatomy of stem were measured. The results showed that the addition of microelements in fertilizer could significantly delay the lignification process of the cambium, which exhibiting the greatest improvement in stem thickening. Phosphorus nutrition could significantly promote the occurrence of fibrous roots, while excessive phosphorus supply might disturb the absorption and utilization of nitrogen of roots, intensify the lignification process of the main stem, and then affect the growth of the aboveground part. The findings of this research could provide a theoretical basis for identifying an optimum fertilization formula and technique for promoting the rapid growth and accelerating the lignification process at different stages of loquat rootstock seedling growth. Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Maloideae, Rosaceae) is indigenous to China and represents one of the most important fruit species in subtropical areas of China 1. Traditionally, there are several problems existed that limiting the propagation of loquat varieties, one is that seed reproduction takes too long juvenescent phase and seedling progeny cannot maintain variety characteristics due to genetic variation 2 , another problem is that explants are prone to browning in loquat asexual propagation system due to the higher content of phenols as compared with other Rosaceae fruit trees, therefore, callus proliferation needs strict selection of explants and proper medium. For example, Zhang 3 reported that in tissue culture of loquat, leaf explants collected 5 days after bud sprouting were prone to severe browning and the highest mortality rate, whereas 10-day-old leaf explants showed minor browning symptoms and rapidly induced large quantity of granular light-green tight, high quality calluses, 15-day-old leaf explants also showed minor browning symptoms, but the generated calluses were yellow and loose, with lower proliferation efficiency. What is more, different varieties and ploidy materials of loquat have different requirements on medium formulation, especially hormone concentration and composition 4 , the asexual propagation system suitable for one loquat variety can not be directly copied and extended to other varieties, most importantly, even if asexual plant regeneration is successful, it will take another 7-8 years to grow into adult fruit trees. Therefore, grafting is still one of the most import...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of loquat rootstocks and stem lignification

Chu

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Farmers prefer using large amounts of chemical fertilizers to produce profitable yields. This has been at best a short-term solution, the intensive application of fertilizers has resulted in high leaf nitrogen (N) content, and low leaf medium and trace element, which is an important factor in the susceptibility to leaf diseases (Dordas 2008 ; Sete et al 2019 ). For example, Fu et al ( 2019 ) found that the anthracnose Colletotrichum spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic amendments alleviate early defoliation and increase fruit yield by altering assembly patterns and of microbial communities and enzymatic activities in sandy pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)

Kang

et al. 2021

AMB Expr

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Severe early defoliation has become an important factor restricting the development of the pear industry in southern China. However, the assembly patterns of microbial communities and their functional activities in response to the application of bioorganic fertilizer (BIO) or humic acid (HA) in southern China’s pear orchards remain poorly understood, particularly the impact on the early defoliation of the trees. We conducted a 3-year field experiment (2017–2019) in an 18-year-old ‘Cuiguan’ pear orchard. Four fertilization schemes were tested: local custom fertilization as control (CK), CK plus HA (CK-HA), BIO, and BIO plus HA (BIO-HA). Results showed that BIO and BIO-HA application decreased the early defoliation rate by 50–60%, and increased pear yield by 40% compared with the CK and CK-HA treatments. The BIO and BIO-HA application significantly improved soil pH, available nutrient content, total enzyme activity and ecosystem multifunctionality, and also changed the structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities. The genus Acidothermus was positively correlated with the early defoliation rate, while the genus Rhodanobacter was negatively correlated. Additionally, random forest models revealed that the early defoliation rate could be best explained by soil pH, ammonium content, available phosphorus, and total enzyme activity. In conclusion, application of BIO or BIO mixed with HA could have assembled distinct microbial communities and increased total enzyme activity, leading to significant improvement of soil physicochemical traits. The increased availability of soil nutrient thus changed leaf nutrient concentrations and alleviated the early defoliation rate of pear trees in acid red soil in southern China.

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“…For many horticultural crops such as apple, the nutritional status of N affects many physiological processes. While insufficient N fertilization can cause decreased tree growth, reduction of sugar metabolism, or poor bud development [12][13][14], while the over-fertilization of N can cause a reduction in floral bud differentiation, alternate fruit-bearing, decrease in fruit quality, and elongation of vegetative growth [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Genes Associated with Nitrogen Stress Responses in Apple Leaves

Lee

Giap

Kim

et al. 2021

Plants

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient that regulates diverse physiological processes for plant survival and development. In apple orchards, inappropriate N conditions can cause imbalanced growth and subsequent physiological disorders in trees. In order to investigate the molecular basis underlying the physiological signals for N stress responses, we examined the metabolic signals responsive to contrasting N stress conditions (deficient/excessive) in apple leaves using transcriptome approaches. The clustering of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed the expression dynamics of genes associated with each N stress group. Functional analyses of gene ontology and pathway enrichments revealed the potential candidates of metabolic signals responsible for N-deficient/excessive stress responses. The functional interactions of DEGs in each cluster were further explored by protein–protein interaction network analysis. Our results provided a comprehensive insight into molecular signals responsive to N stress conditions, and will be useful in future research to enhance the nutrition tolerance of tree crops.

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Nitrogen fertilization affects yield and fruit quality in pear

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of loquat rootstocks and stem lignification

Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of loquat rootstocks and stem lignification

Organic amendments alleviate early defoliation and increase fruit yield by altering assembly patterns and of microbial communities and enzymatic activities in sandy pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)

Identification of Genes Associated with Nitrogen Stress Responses in Apple Leaves

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