Nitrogen Efficiency Component Analysis: An Evaluation of Cropping System Differences in Productivity

Huggins, David R.; Pan, William L.

doi:10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500040022x

Cited by 165 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…This benefit decreased progressively with increases in the N fertiliser rate, to the point that, at 160 kg ha -1 of N, differences between CT and NT were negligible. These results, even though obtained in trials in which the NT technique was applied for one year only, highlighted the fact that the lower soil N availability as a result of the application of NT can play a crucial role in determining the differences in grain yield between the two tillage systems, in accordance with the report of Huggins and Pan (1993). On the other hand, soil cultivation (i.e.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Conservation tillage in a semiarid Mediterranean environment: results of 20 years of research

Ruisi¹,

Giambalvo²,

Saia³

et al. 2014

Ital J Agronomy

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Conservation tillage techniques are becoming increasingly popular worldwide as they have the potential to generate environmental, agronomic, and economic benefits. In Mediterranean areas, studies performed on the effects of conservation tillage [in comparison with the conventional tillage technique (CT)] on grain yield of cereal crops have reported contradictory results as well as considerable year-to-year variation, demonstrating how the impact of different soil tillage techniques on crop productivity is strongly site-specific. The present paper summarises the main results from a set of experiments carried out in Sicily during the last 20 years in which we compared no tillage (NT) to CT in terms of their respective effects on the productivity and quality of durum wheat, while at the same time varying some other crop management practices (e.g. crop sequence, N fertilisation, wheat genotype, sowing time). On average, no differences were observed between the two tillage techniques; yields were 3.84 and 3.87 Mg ha -1 for CT and NT, respectively. However, NT guaranteed superior yield when water stress during the crop cycle was high, whereas CT led to higher yields when water availability was adequate. Moreover, the results suggest that the use of NT needs to be accompanied by a rational crop sequence. In fact, a cumulative detrimental effect of NT over time was found for continuous wheat. Finally, grain quality in terms of protein content was slightly higher for CT (15.1%) than NT (14.4%). Thus, when using NT, the rate of nitrogen fertiliser application should be increased to offset this difference.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Conservation tillage in a semiarid Mediterranean environment: results of 20 years of research

Ruisi¹,

Giambalvo²,

Saia³

et al. 2014

Ital J Agronomy

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“…Depending on the crop rotation and level of N fertility, NRI has been found in the range 0.37-0.73 with higher N fertility tending to reduce NRI (Yamoah et al 1998). The NRI is similar to the grain N accumulation efficiency index proposed by Huggins and Pan (1993) who reported values of 0.45-0.55 for spring wheat. They found that the index was lower under NT than under CT and not affected by N application.…”

Section: Efficiency Of N Utilizationsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Nitrogen use efficiency decreased with N addition but was little affected by year or tillage. Previous studies with a wider range of N application rate have shown that NUE decreased with NT and increasing rates of N application, and the effect of year was variable (Huggins and Pan 1993;Sowers et al 1994;Lopez-Bellido and Lopez-Bellido 2001). Nitrogen recovery at maturity (as measured by NRI and RAN) was also influenced more by N rate than by year (and associated variability in moisture conditions).…”

Section: General Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…With N added (7 kg ha -1 ) as monoammonium phosphate only, NUE was 25 kg grain (kg N) -1 , whereas when an additional 60 kg N ha -1 was added as urea, NUE decreased to 19 kg kg -1 (Table 4). Huggins and Pan (1993) reported NUE of 19-32 kg kg -1 for spring wheat in Washington, USA. In our study, N rate accounted for 59% and year for 12% of the variation in NRI, whereas tillage was not a significant factor.…”

Section: Efficiency Of N Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen supply of a Dark Brown Chernozem soil and its utilization by wheat

Soon¹,

Brandt²,

Malhi³

2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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S. S. 2006. Nitrogen supply of a Dark Brown Chernozem soil and its utilization by wheat. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 483-491. Environment and management effects on the N supply to crops are not well understood. We assessed the influence of tillage system (conventional tillage or no-till), N fertilizer (0 or 60 kg N ha -1 ) and year on N sources and supply of a Dark Brown Chernozem loam soil, and N utilization by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 2 yr. The main N source was mineralized N; only 14-23% of wheat N was derived from fertilizer, and non-exchangeable ammonium made no measurable contribution. Soil NO 3 and exchangeable NH 4 content at sowing and net N mineralization during the growing season (N min ) were influenced more by year than by N addition and tillage. N min was 90-100 kg N ha -1 in 1999, a moist growing season but only 21-39 kg N ha -1 in 2000, a drier year. In both years, soil inorganic N to 60 cm at sowing averaged about 60 kg N ha -1 of which half was N mineralized since the previous harvest. Year accounted for 65-81% of the variation in N uptake. Fertilization increased N uptake and wheat yields, especially in 2000, but fertilization and tillage had no effect on post-heading N uptake and N translocation. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and N recovery were lower with N applied and not affected by tillage. Our study indicated that available N was affected more by environment than management. In dry conditions, when N min is low, N application may be more effective in increasing yield and N uptake than in wet years, an observation that may merit further attention. Management decisions such as cropping and tillage systems and level of fertilization, as well as climatic conditions, influence crop production and N utilization (Halvorson et al. 1999;Lopez-Bellido et al. 2000). Although increasing N application enhances N uptake by wheat, N utilization often becomes less efficient (Delogu et al. 1998;Lopez-Bellido and Lopez-Bellido 2001). Halvorson et al. (1999) found that reducing the intensity of tillage or increasing N rate from 34 to 67 kg N ha -1 generally resulted in higher yields of wheat; however, the response varied among years due to water availability. Campbell et al. (1993) reported that N utilization by spring wheat was influenced more by available water and N application rate than the placement and timing of N application, and was increased by soil NO 3 remaining in the fall and decreased by fertilizer N. Soil water limitation and high inter-annual variability in precipitation are common on the prairies (Bochert 1950), and may have a greater influence than farm management practices on nutrient utilization.

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“…Various parameters are commonly used in agronomic research to evaluate the efficiency of the response of crops to applied N. Both from a physiological and agronomic point of view, N use efficiency (NUE) is the result of two main biological processes: N uptake efficiency (NUpE), which is the ability of a crop to produce yield per unit of N available in the soil, and N utilization efficiency (NUtE) which is the ability of a crop to produce yield per unit of N taken up [9][10][11][12][13][14]. In field studies, other parameters can be calculated based on differences in crop yield or total N uptake between fertilized plots and Agronomy 2017, 7, 66 2 of 15 unfertilized controls using the 'difference method' [12,[15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Combined Effect of Tillage, Nitrogen Fertilization and Cover Crops on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat

et al. 2017

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A field study was conducted in northern France over two consecutive years to evaluate the combined effect of conventional tillage (CT) vs no till (NT) with or without cover crops (cc) and nitrogen (N) fertilization on various agronomic traits related to N use efficiency in winter wheat. Five years after conversion of CT to NT, significant increases in N use efficiency, N utilization efficiency, N agronomic efficiency, N partial factor productivity, N apparent recovery fraction and N remobilization were observed under three N fertilization regimes (0, 161, 215 kg ha −1 ). It was also observed that grain yield and grain N content were similar under CT and NT. The N nutrition index was higher under NT at the three rates of N fertilization. Moreover, N use efficiency related traits were increased in the presence of cc both under NT and CT. Thus, agronomic practices based on continuous NT in the presence of cc, appear to be promising strategies to increase N use efficiency in wheat, while reducing both the use and the loss of N-based fertilizers.

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Nitrogen Efficiency Component Analysis: An Evaluation of Cropping System Differences in Productivity

Cited by 165 publications

References 8 publications

Conservation tillage in a semiarid Mediterranean environment: results of 20 years of research

Conservation tillage in a semiarid Mediterranean environment: results of 20 years of research

Nitrogen supply of a Dark Brown Chernozem soil and its utilization by wheat

Investigating the Combined Effect of Tillage, Nitrogen Fertilization and Cover Crops on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat

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