Nipah Virus- Infectious Agent: An Overview

Abstract

Nipah virus (NiV) is extremely pathogenic in nature, recently emerged paramyxovirus that has been dependable for scattered outbreaks of metastasis and encephalitic ill health in Southeast Asia. The multiplied urbanization and dynamic climate have led to rising in epidemics with incidences of recent diseases disturbing human health per annum. Most of these are zoonotic. Nipah V irus Encephalitis (NVE) is one such example that is caused by bats (flying foxes). NiV may be a new detected extremely pathogenic virus with the capability to cause devastating morbidity and mortality (an expected 100% in some cases) rate among the human populations. The illness was recorded within the sort of a significant outbreak in the Republic of India in the year of 2001 and then a tiny low incidence in the year of 2007, each the outbreaks in West Bengal only in humans without any involvement of pigs. About 1.1 million pigs had to be damaged to control the outbreak. The infection transmission from pigs acting as an intermediate host throughout Malaysian and Singapore outbreaks has adapted in NIV outbreaks in Republic of India and Bangladesh, transmission of the disease directly from bats to human followed by an individual to person. The drinking of raw date palm sap contaminated with fruit bat urine or saliva containing NiV that the only known cause of an outbreak of the disease in Bangladesh outbreaks. High death rates have also been related to recent outbreaks in Malaysia and Bangladesh.

Assess the Effectiveness of Self-Instruction Module on Knowledge Regarding Nipah Virus Infection and Its Prevention among General Population

“…5 Nipah virus has caused only a few recorded outbreaks in Asian it infects a wide variety of species and causes serious disease and death in humans, thereby making it a public health concern. 1 This virus was also identified and isolated during the outbreak of encephalitis among pig breeders and people with close contact with virus infected pigs in the following year. But shockingly this outbreak triggered a fairly mild disease in pigs, but almost 300 people were infected by NiV and more than 100 deaths were reported for the first time.…”

“…Nipah Virus Infection (NiV), an infectious agent that has caused significant illnesses in humans and animals caused by Nipah (genus Henipavirus). 1 Nipah virus may be communicated to mans from animals (e.g. bats or pigs) or infected foods, and may also be communicated directly from mans to mans.…”

“…2 The mortality rate of cases is estimated at 40% to 75%.This rate may different by outbreak depending on epidemiological surveillance and clinical management. 1 Newly, no vaccines discovered for Nipah virus. In 1999 outbreak of Nipah acquired involving pig farms as for preventing infection routinely thorough cleaning and disinfecting the pig farms with appropriate detergents can be effective.…”

Viral ecosystem: An epidemiological hypothesis

“…Apart from causing inflammation, viruses cause chronic infections and even life‐threatening illnesses. Among them, the emerging viruses are Ebola, SARS, Nipah, and avian influenza viruses, which have led to serious threats to human health . On the contrary, some viruses have beneficial effect on the cycle of nature .…”

Are the medical interns ready to deal with the treatment, prevention and control of Nipah virus infection at the tertiary care hospital?

“…[6] The main strategy involved in prevention of spread of Nipah is its containment to an affected area. [789]…”