NiO‐MnOx/Polyaniline/Graphite Electrodes for Urea Electrocatalysis: Synergetic Effect between Polymorphs of MnOx and NiO.

Abstract

In this work, we are enhancing the catalytic activity of the urea electrooxidation (UEO) process by using the composite of polyaniline (Pani), nickel oxide (NiO), and polymorphs of manganese oxide (MnOx) based on a graphite electrode. The hydro‐gel method was used to prepare catalyst suspension with different ratios from NiO and MnOx. The chemical structures and surface morphology were characterized by employing the IR, XRD, and SEM/EDEX techniques. The catalytic activity of four modified electrocatalysts G/Pani/NiMn1, G/Pani/NiMn2, G/Pani/NiMn3, G/Pani/NiMn4 was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance. The kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient, Tafel slope, charge transfer coefficient, and surface coverage were calculated to choose the best electrocatalysts toward UEO in alkaline solution. The anodic current of new electrodes achieved about 16 mA.cm−2 at potential of 550 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). Density functional theory studies (DFT) have been carried out to assess the adsorption energy between polyaniline (Pani) and the metal oxides.

Polyaniline-Supported Nickel Oxide Flower for Efficient Nitrite Electrochemical Detection in Water

“…Conducting polymers are found to have fascinating properties compared with other supporting carbon materials. At the same time, the conducting polymers exhibit high electron transfer and exceptional catalytic ability [ 15 ]. Because of its excellent electrical conductivity, relative stability, and facile doping-dedoping process, polyaniline (PANI), the highly popular conducting polymer, has been frequently documented in electrochemical detection [ 16 , 17 ].…”

The Experimental Design Approach in Square‐Wave Voltammetric Determination of Tamoxifen by NiO‐CPE**

“…Finally, NiO has been widely used for constructing fuel and solar cells (dye‐sensitized solar cells), gas sensors, electrochemical sensors, adsorbents, supercapacitor materials, anodic materials in Li‐ion batteries, transparent electrodes, photocatalyst, etc. [55–63] …”

“…Thus, NiO NPs, as the electrochemical sensor, act as efficient electron mediators due to the unusual catalytic activity of the Ni(II)/Ni(III) redox system. Finally, NiO has been widely used for constructing fuel and solar cells (dye-sensitized solar cells), gas sensors, electrochemical sensors, adsorbents, supercapacitor materials, anodic materials in Li-ion batteries, transparent electrodes, photocatalyst, etc.. [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] Optimization is a method in which the highest overall process efficiency could be achieved with no increase in the cost by choosing the best elements from sets of influencing alternatives, called independent variables) On the other hand, the best characteristics and performances can be reached under optimized conditions. Two well-known optimization methods are OFAT and DOE methods.…”

Experimental and theoretical studies for corrosion of molybdenum electrode using streptomycin drug in phosphoric acid medium

“…Additionally, a computational chemistry approach was used to investigate how streptomycin adsorbs and inhibits corrosion at the interface of metal surfaces, and the outcomes of the computational studies are in excellent accord with the experimental findings.Recently, studying the deterioration of the metals and alloys is considered an essential process of different approaches. Whereas, metals and alloys are widely used as electrodes in various applications like fuel cells, sensors, solar cells, and batteries [1][2][3][4][5] . Addition of Molybdenum to Cr-Ni stainless steels affects their properties in many aspects [6][7][8][9] .…”

“…Recently, studying the deterioration of the metals and alloys is considered an essential process of different approaches. Whereas, metals and alloys are widely used as electrodes in various applications like fuel cells, sensors, solar cells, and batteries [1][2][3][4][5] . Addition of Molybdenum to Cr-Ni stainless steels affects their properties in many aspects [6][7][8][9] .…”