Nine-valent HPV vaccine efficacy against related diseases and definitive therapy: comparison with historic placebo population

Giuliano, Anna R.; Joura, Elmar A.; Garland, Suzanne M.; Huh, Warner K.; Iversen, Ole Erik; Kjær, Susanne K.; Ferenczy, Alex; Kurman, Robert J.; Ronnett, Brigitte M.; Stoler, Mark H.; Bautista, Oliver; Moeller, Erin; Ritter, Michael; Shields, Christine; Luxembourg, Alain

doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.253

Cited by 68 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Of note, as VIN was diagnosed in our study cohort in the pre‐vaccination era, no effect of HPV vaccination was expected. However, with second generation HPV vaccination, virtually all cases of vulvar HSIL are potentially preventable in the coming decades 41‐43 . Third, vulvar pathology has gained more public and clinical awareness, which subsequently could have led to more clinical visits and vulvar biopsies in patients with VIN 44 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, with second generation HPV vaccination, virtually all cases of vulvar HSIL are potentially preventable in the coming decades. [41][42][43] Third, vulvar pathology has gained more public and clinical awareness, which subsequently could have led to more clinical visits and vulvar biopsies in patients with VIN. 44 One of the strengths of our study is the large study size of 1148 patients with VIN, which is a high number given the rarity of the disease.…”

Section: Incidence Of High-grade Vinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Incidence and long‐term risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Thuijs

Beurden

Bruggink³

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

112

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The risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) in patients with high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is considered lower in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) compared to differentiated VIN (dVIN), but studies are limited. Our study investigated both the incidence of high-grade VIN and the cumulative incidence of VSCC in patients with HSIL and dVIN separately. A database of women diagnosed with highgrade VIN between 1991 and 2011 was constructed with data from the Dutch Pathology Registry (PALGA). The European standardized incidence rate (ESR) and VSCC risk were calculated, stratified for HSIL and dVIN. The effects of type of VIN (HSIL vs dVIN), age and lichen sclerosis (LS) were estimated by Cox regression. In total, 1148 patients were diagnosed with high-grade VIN between 1991 and 2011. Between 1991-1995 and 2006-2011, the ESR of HSIL increased from 2.39 (per 100 000 woman-years) to 3.26 and the ESR of dVIN increased from 0.02 to 0.08. The 10-year cumulative VSCC risk was 10.3%; 9.7% for HSIL and 50.0% for dVIN (log rank P < .001). Type of VIN, age and presence of LS were independent risk factors for progression to VSCC, with hazard ratios of 3.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-7.1), 2.3 (95% CI 1.5-3.4) and 3.1 (95% CI 1.8-5.3), respectively. The incidence of high-grade VIN is rising. Because of the high cancer risk in patients with dVIN, better identification and timely recognition are urgently needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incidence Of High-grade Vinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Incidence and long‐term risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Thuijs

Beurden

Bruggink³

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

112

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“…This is mainly due to the fact that the 4-valent vaccine is the only HPV vaccine approved for the prevention of HPV-related diseases in boys and young men in Switzerland [11,12]. A third vaccine (Gardasil 9®, MSD), was approved by the Swiss regulatory body Swissmedic in July 2016 for protection against nine HPV types (6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52 and 58) and expected to provide increased coverage against the majority of high-risk HPV types with carcinogenic properties [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the epidemiological impact on cervical cancer of switching from 4-valent to 9-valent HPV vaccine within a gender-neutral vaccination programme in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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Background: An infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the obligatory aetiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. In Switzerland, the prevention strategy for cervical cancer is based on primary prevention via HPV vaccination and secondary prevention with an opportunistic screening programme for precancerous lesions. Vaccination is recommended to 11-26 years old male and female persons. The objective of the study was to assess the epidemiological impact on cervical cancer of switching from the currently implemented programme with the 4-valent vaccine to the 9-valent vaccine, in an 11-26 years old gender-neutral vaccination programme in Switzerland. Methods: A previously validated dynamic transmission model of HPV infections was adapted and calibrated to the Swiss setting assuming an 80% coverage rate in HPV-vaccination and lifelong vaccine type-specific protection. A gender-neutral vaccination programme (males and females) for 11-26 years old with a 9-valent HPV vaccine was compared with the current 11-26 years old gender-neutral 4-valent vaccination programme. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in order to test the impact of lower vaccination coverage rates and a shorter duration of protection on the model outcomes. Results: In Switzerland, a 9-valent gender-neutral vaccination programme would result in an additional prevention of 2979 cervical cancer cases, 13,862 CIN3 and 15,000 CIN2 cases, compared with the 4-valent gender-neutral vaccination programme over 100 years. These additional disease cases avoided would correspond to a 24, 36 and 48% cumulative incidence decrease in cervical cancer, CIN3 and CIN2 cases, respectively. It would also prevent additional 741 cervical cancer-related deaths over 100 years. A substantial additional reduction in cervical cancer and precancerous lesions burden is still observed when varying the vaccination coverage rate from 30 to 60% or reducing the duration of protection from lifelong to 20 years.

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“…Gardasil and Cervarix, which is a bivalent vaccine accepted for the avoidance of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions caused by HPV 16 and 18 in young females. Gardasil is a quadrivalent vaccine anti-HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 [29], and the nine-valent HPV vaccine developed recently to provide protection against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18; and is already covered by the Gardasil and the next five most common oncogenic types associated with cervical cancer worldwide (types 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) [30]. However, the current vaccines do not prevent infection with the HPV types that are not contained in the vaccine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Types and Cervical Cancer Vaccine for Sudanese Women: A Review

Salih¹

2019

EJPM

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Cervical cancer is thought to result from different high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types. Although many studies have been conducted worldwide regarding HPV infection and its oncogenic properties, limited data are available on the incidence and genotype specific dissemination of HPV in Sudan. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the existing data regarding HPV genotypes in Sudan. To review the distribution of HPV infections, electronic databases (e.g. PubMed, and Google Scholar) were searched for peer reviewed articles in English. The study was performed between January and April of 2019 and comprises a review of six relevant articles that were published prior to 2013. Inclusion criteria included: availability of general population data, cytology and tissue results and the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HPV detection. The overall infection rate of high-risk HPVs DNA was 173/506 (34%) and within the tissues ranged between 93 and 94% (all the paraffin sections were cancer and precancerous cases). The HPV genotyping in cervical smears were found to range from 2.9% to 50.0%, with the most prevalent types of HPV being 16 (2.9-50.0%), 18 (0-3.4%), 58 (2.9%), and 42 (2.9%). Familiarity of the frequent high risk HPV genotypes found in Sudan, which had a high prevalence of cervical cancer, is essential in order to construct an applicable genotype of the virus in the HPV vaccine. The commercially available vaccines do not prevent infection of the HPV types not contained in the vaccine. Based on this literature, it is clear that the nine-valent HPV vaccine should be considered in Sudan.

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Nine-valent HPV vaccine efficacy against related diseases and definitive therapy: comparison with historic placebo population

Cited by 68 publications

References 30 publications

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Incidence and long‐term risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Incidence and long‐term risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Assessing the epidemiological impact on cervical cancer of switching from 4-valent to 9-valent HPV vaccine within a gender-neutral vaccination programme in Switzerland

Human Papillomavirus Types and Cervical Cancer Vaccine for Sudanese Women: A Review

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