Niche Partitioning of the European Carnivorous Mammals During the Paleogene

Solé, Floréal; Dubied, Morgane; Verger, Kévin Le; Mennecart, Bastien

doi:10.2110/palo.2018.022

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The Amphicyonidae, which are colloquially referred to as “bear-dogs”, represent one of the most characteristic groups of carnivorans in the Miocene European faunas ( Solé et al, 2018 ). They first appeared during the Eocene (Priabonian, MP18, ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France

Solé

Lesport

Heitz

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Serravallian terrestrial vertebrates are very uncommon in the northern margin of the Pyrenean Mountains. A mandible of a new large sized amphicyonid (ca. 200 kg) is here described from the marine deposits of Sallepisse (12.8–12.0 Mya). Despite that this new taxon is close in size to some European amphicyonids from the Miocene (e.g., Amphicyon, Megamphicyon, and Magericyon), the unique morphology of its p4, unknown in this clade, allows the erection of the new genus Tartarocyon cazanavei nov. gen. & sp. This taxon may be derived from a Cynelos-type amphicyonine. The description of this new taxon highlights the erosion of the ecological and morphological diversity of the Amphicyonidae in response to well-known Miocene events (i.e., Proboscidean Datum Event, Middle Miocene Climatic Transition, Vallesian Crisis).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They first appeared during the Eocene (Priabonian, MP18, ca. 37–36 Ma; de Bonis, 1978 ; Solé et al., 2018 ). Nevertheless, the Miocene is particularly interesting for studying the evolution of this family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France

Solé

Lesport

Heitz

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…Since an absolute age of this split was not calculated, the placement within our tree estimates the split between European and Asian Hyaenodon clades at the base of the genus. The absolute age for H. filholi is 30.9 Ma according to its oldest stratigraphic occurrence in European MP 23 faunas (Bastl et al, 2014; Solé et al, 2018). The oldest internal Hyaenodonta split in the tree of Solé & Mennecart (2019; split between the Tinerhodon/Altacreodus clade and the rest of the Hyaenodonta) was used as the age for the split between the Carnivora and the Hyaenodonta.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental topographic and three‐dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of carnassialization in different clades of carnivorous mammals (Dasyuromorphia, Carnivora, Hyaenodonta)

Lang

Engler

Martin

2021

Journal of Morphology

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The evolution of carnassial teeth in mammals, especially in the Carnivora, has been subject of many morphometric and some dental topographic studies. Here, we use a combination of dental topographic analysis (Dirichlet normal energy) and 3D geometric morphometrics of less and high carnassialized lower teeth of carnivoran, dasyuromorph and hyaenodont taxa. Carnassial crown curvature, as indicated by Dirichlet normal energy, is high in lesser carnassialized teeth and low in higher carnassialized teeth, where it is influenced by the reduction of crown features such as cusps and crests. PC1 of the geometric morphometric analysis is linked to enlargement of the carnassial blade, reduction of the talonid crushing basin and an increasingly asymmetric cervix line with an enlarged mesial flexure in more carnassialized teeth. Distribution of PC1 values further indicates that along the tooth row of dasyuromorphs (m2–m4) and hyaenodonts (m1–m3) the most distal carnassial is the most carnassialized (principal carnassial), and in most taxa with overall higher carnassialized teeth, carnassialization successively increases from the anterior to the posterior tooth position along the tooth row. PC2 indicates that a longitudinal elongated carnassial is present in caniforms and in unspecialized feliforms, which separates these taxa in morphospace from all dasyuromorphs, hyaenodonts and specialized feliforms. An ancestral state reconstruction shows that this longitudinal elongation may be a plesiomorphic ancestral state for the Carnivora, which is different from the Dasyuromorphia and the Hyaenodonta. This elongation, enabling the presence of a longitudinally aligned carnassial blade as well as a complete talonid basin, might have provided the Carnivora with an advantage in terms of adaptive versatility.

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“…Cynodictis managed to withstand a major faunal turnover, "La Grande Coupure de Stehlin" (Stehlin 1910) -although the phylogenetic affinities between the pre-and post-turnover event species of Cynodictis are not known. One potential competitor of Cynodictis, Hyaenodon Laizer & Parieu, 1838, is also known for having passed the « Grande Coupure », although the same species are not retrieved before and after the event (Lange-Badré 1979;Solé et al 2018). Among amphicyonids, the genus appearing immediately after the "Grande Coupure" in the fossil record is Pseudocyonopsis (MP 21-22), a more robust animal weighing more than 30 kg (Springhorn 1977).…”

Section: Diversity Of Cynodictismentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of a new species of Cynodictis Bravard & Pomel, 1850 (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Quercy Phosphorites with comments on the use of skull morphology for phylogenetics

Verger¹,

Solé

Ladevèze³

2020

Geodiversitas

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Amphicyonidae Trouessart, 1885 are among the oldest known carnivoran groups, with the oldest representatives in Europe belonging to the genus Cynodictis Bravard & Pomel, 1850. This genus, discovered in the middle of the 19th century, presents a particularly confusing taxonomic history. Early on it was subject to taxonomic inflation, but now its diversity is reduced to six species. It is therefore interesting to question the relevance of dental characteristics, knowing that these structures have, very often, been the only anatomical elements used for the description of extinct mammalian taxa. Thanks to the several deposits of the Quercy Phosphorites, many crania of Cynodictis are available, allowing us to address this issue. In this comparative study, several skulls belonging to this genus are compared. Finally, we describe a new species, Cynodictis peignei n. sp., and discuss the relevance of cranial characters in comparison with dental characters and the ecological information from these structures.

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Niche Partitioning of the European Carnivorous Mammals During the Paleogene

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France

A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France

Dental topographic and three‐dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of carnassialization in different clades of carnivorous mammals (Dasyuromorphia, Carnivora, Hyaenodonta)

Description of a new species of Cynodictis Bravard & Pomel, 1850 (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Quercy Phosphorites with comments on the use of skull morphology for phylogenetics

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