Ni/TiO2: A promising low-cost photocatalytic system for solar H2 production from ethanol–water mixtures

Effect of TiO2 polymorph and alcohol sacrificial agent on the activity of Au/TiO2 photocatalysts for H2 production in alcohol–water mixtures

“…M/TiO 2 photocatalysts, where M represents certain high work function metals including Ni, Pd, Pt or Au, demonstrate good activity and stability for water splitting in the presence of sacrificial reagents under UV or full solar irradiation [16][17][18][19][20][21]. The band edges of TiO 2 are appropriate for water splitting, since the top of the valence band (+2.7 V vs. NHE for anatase) is more positive than the O 2 /H 2 O redox couple (+1.…”

Pd/TiO2-WO3 photocatalysts for hydrogen generation from water-methanol mixtures

“…This induction period may correspond to the formation of active sites for hydrogen. Some authors explain that this period can correspond to a photocatalytic reduction of an oxidized form of a metallic-co-catalyst [18][36] [37] (M + → M 0 , M: metallic element). Konta et al [36] indicate that this induction periods suggest that some reduction processes are carried out on the catalyst at the beginning of the irradiation.…”

“…Concerning the different hydrogen evolution profiles, the catalysts containing Pd present a clear profile with an induction period at the beginning of the reaction followed by a plateau at the end of the experiment. WanTing et al [18] suggested that this fact can be explained considering that some part of the metal is in oxidized form that can be reduced during the irradiation. Furthermore, for the tap water, the content of salts or chlorine can also have some influence in the reduction of Pd nanoparticles by the irradiation and this process is not completed as it can be observed for most of the catalysts presented in fig 13. …”

“…The incorporation of doping or loading co-catalysts to reduce the recombination probabilities can also improves the limited capacity in solar light absorption (visible range 390-780 nm). With this objective, different materials have been incorporated to the bare TiO2: non-metal doping (N, F, C and S) [12,15], noble metal loading (Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt and Au) [10,16,17], transition metal oxides (V-, Mn-, Fe-, Co-, Ni-, Cu-, Zn-, Zr-, Nb-, Mo-, Ta-, W-oxides) [12,18], metal oxides (Ga-, Ge-, In-, Sn-and Sb-oxides) [12] and metal sulfides (CdS, ZnS, Bi2S3) [12,19,20,21,22].…”

Fabrication of the heterostructured CsTaWO6/Au/g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalyst with enhanced performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water

“…In recent years, many studies have revealed that the modifying with noble metal nanoparticles is one of effective attempts that dedicated to growing the photocatalytic efficiency of semiconductor [25][26][27][28]. Noble metal loaded on photocatalyst can facilitate separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs and transfer the electrons across a low resistance pathway at the interfacial region that in turn rises the surface reactivity [24,29,30].…”