News and views on in-vivo imaging of neurotransmission using PET and MRI

Sander, Christin Y.; Hesse, Swen

doi:10.23736/s1824-4785.17.03019-9

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…That said, the directionality of the ΔCBF associations with both PET and mRNA templates accords with the expected functions of supraspinal receptors in pain processing. This is perhaps best illustrated here by the positive correlation of the receptors that exert inhibitory effects (e.g., μ‐opioid, D2/D3, ADR‐A‐2A/C and 5‐HT‐7) and the negative/weak correlation for receptors that are thought to facilitate pain signals or are more associated with behavioural and emotional aspects of the pain experience (e.g., D5, 5‐HTR‐1A/B, 5‐HTR‐2A and 5‐HTR‐3B; Sander & Hesse, 2017 ). More importantly, considerations regarding directionality relate to existing literature that has directly investigated receptor‐specific PET and haemodynamic measures at a mechanistic level, further adding credence to the ability of the techniques employed here to capture meaningful molecular relationships (Sander et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the utility of these techniques for understanding the neural correlates of both acute and chronic pain conditions, they are inherently unable to delineate the neurochemical substrates underlying the fMRI signal (Sander & Hesse, 2017 ; Schmidt‐Wilcke, 2015 ). Analgesic drugs mediate their effects through modulating neurotransmitter systems at the molecular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurotransmitter receptor densities are associated with changes in regional Cerebral blood flow during clinical ongoing pain

Vamvakas

Lawn

Veronese

et al. 2022

Human Brain Mapping

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Arterial spin labelling (ASL) plays an increasingly important role in neuroimaging pain research but does not provide molecular insights regarding how regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) relates to underlying neurotransmission. Here, we integrate ASL with positron emission tomography (PET) and brain transcriptome data to investigate the molecular substrates of rCBF underlying clinically relevant pain states. Two data sets, representing acute and chronic ongoing pain respectively, were utilised to quantify changes in rCBF; one examining pre-surgical versus post-surgical pain, and the second comparing patients with painful hand Osteoarthritis to a group of matched controls. We implemented a whole-brain spatial correlation analysis to explore associations between change in rCBF (ΔCBF) and neurotransmitter receptor distributions derived from normative PET templates. Additionally, we utilised transcriptomic data from the Allen Brain Atlas to inform distributions of receptor expression. Both datasets presented significant correlations of ΔCBF with the μ-opioid and dopamine-D2 receptor expressions, which play fundamental roles in brain activity associated with pain experiences. ΔCBF also correlated with the gene expression distributions of several receptors involved in pain processing. Overall, this is the first study illustrating the molecular basis of ongoing pain ASL indices and emphasises the potential of rCBF as a biomarker in pain research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotransmitter receptor densities are associated with changes in regional Cerebral blood flow during clinical ongoing pain

Vamvakas

Lawn

Veronese

et al. 2022

Human Brain Mapping

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“…receptor density) and dynamically (neurotransmitter release; for review, e.g. see [ 149 ]). Molecular PET can quantify the targets (receptors and transporters) of specific neurotransmitters by imaging radioligands in vivo .…”

Section: Scales Of Neural Interrogation and Decodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of fMRI with PET (e.g. [ 149 , 213 ]; figure 2 ), which has been developed over the past 15 years [ 214 ] enhances and informs insights gained with single-modality methods. While both imaging modalities provide functional measures of neural activity, they offer distinct advantages.…”

Section: Multi-scale Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-scale neural decoding and analysis

Lorenc

Zhu

et al. 2021

J. Neural Eng.

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Objective. Complex spatiotemporal neural activity encodes rich information related to behavior and cognition. Conventional research has focused on neural activity acquired using one of many different measurement modalities, each of which provides useful but incomplete assessment of the neural code. Multi-modal techniques can overcome tradeoffs in the spatial and temporal resolution of a single modality to reveal deeper and more comprehensive understanding of system-level neural mechanisms. Uncovering multi-scale dynamics is essential for a mechanistic understanding of brain function and for harnessing neuroscientific insights to develop more effective clinical treatment. Approach. We discuss conventional methodologies used for characterizing neural activity at different scales and review contemporary examples of how these approaches have been combined. Then we present our case for integrating activity across multiple scales to benefit from the combined strengths of each approach and elucidate a more holistic understanding of neural processes. Main results. We examine various combinations of neural activity at different scales and analytical techniques that can be used to integrate or illuminate information across scales, as well the technologies that enable such exciting studies. We conclude with challenges facing future multi-scale studies, and a discussion of the power and potential of these approaches. Significance. This roadmap will lead the readers toward a broad range of multi-scale neural decoding techniques and their benefits over single-modality analyses. This Review article highlights the importance of multi-scale analyses for systematically interrogating complex spatiotemporal mechanisms underlying cognition and behavior.

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“…Most other methods require bulky and costly units for accurate measurements. For example, positron emission tomography (PET) [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) [31][32][33][34][35] allow for highly sensitive measurement of neurotransmitters in a medium, but they also require large and expensive scanners. Hence, the field of neurotransmitter sensing would benefit from a compact and simple method of neurotransmitter sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an advanced neurotechnological system: colorimetric sensing with a novel grism-based spectrometer, functionalized gold nanoparticles and a heterogeneous embedded system

Lachance

Boisselier

Boukadoum

et al. 2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Neurotransmitter sensing in the brain is crucial for the understanding of neuro-degenerative diseases. Most modern methods for the purpose rely on bulky instruments or are disruptive to the neurotransmitter medium. In this work, we describe and evaluate the design of a novel, compact and non-invasive instrument for neurotransmitter detection based on the colorimetric sensing method. The instrument includes a grism-based spectrometer that measures the wavelength shift of gold nanoparticles that are functionalized with aptamers to act as neurotransmitter-specific markers. It also includes microfluidic and electronic subsystems for sample preparation and control, and processing of the obtained signal. The instrument is tested with gold nanoparticles and its performance is compared to that of a commercial instrument, showing that the designed prototype matches the commercial instrument in performance while being much smaller, and it can surpass it with further improvements. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced neurotechnologies: translating innovation for health and well-being’.

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News and views on in-vivo imaging of neurotransmission using PET and MRI

Cited by 22 publications

References 118 publications

Neurotransmitter receptor densities are associated with changes in regional Cerebral blood flow during clinical ongoing pain

Neurotransmitter receptor densities are associated with changes in regional Cerebral blood flow during clinical ongoing pain

Multi-scale neural decoding and analysis

Towards an advanced neurotechnological system: colorimetric sensing with a novel grism-based spectrometer, functionalized gold nanoparticles and a heterogeneous embedded system

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