Newcastle Disease Polyclonal Antibodies as Candidate Reagents in Immunohistochemistry Diagnostic Test and Passive Immunization

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the utilization of characterized -polyclonal ND antibodies as primary antibodies in Immunohistochemistry and to determine the ND antibodies' ability to neutralize ND viruses. The ND antibodies used in this study were genotype VII ND antibodies, Sato ND antibodies, and mixed ND antibodies. Genotype VII ND antibodies, Sato ND antibodies, and mixed ND antibodies were used for VNT, but the IHC test only used genotype VII antibodies. In the IHC examination, genotype VII ND antibodies were used as primary antibodies, which were diluted in stages (1:100, 1:500, and 1:1000) to obtain the dilution that could give the best IHC examination results. Rabbit polyclonal anti-NDV HN protein antibody at 1:500 dilution was used as a positive control. Based on the results of the IHC stain, 1:1000 dilution of genotype VII ND antibodies gave the best results, with the same results as using a rabbit polyclonal anti-NDV HN protein antibodies at an antibody dilution of 1:500. Based on the VNT results, the neutralization index of Sato ND antibodies was 1.6; genotype VII ND antibodies were 1.95; and mixed ND antibodies were 1.68. This result showed that genotype VII ND antibodies have a higher ability than other antibodies to neutralize 10 4 ELD50/mL NDV/Ck/BGR/11 virus. Genotype VII ND antibodies can be used as reagent candidates in the IHC test in 1:1000 dilution and as a reagent in passive immunization with a neutralization index 1.95.