New records of Philometra spp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine perciform fishes off Florida, USA, including descriptions of two new species

Nematodes and acanthocephalans of hygienic-sanitary importance parasitizing Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (Actinopterygii) collected from fish markets of the municipality of Niterói, RJ, Brazil

“…The only nematode species previously reported parasitizing H. nivetaus was Philometra sp. (Dracunculoidea, Philometridae), from off the coast of Florida, USA (Moravec et al, 2020). Therefore, the present report represents the first record of larvae of anisakid and raphidascaridid nematodes parasitizing H. niveatus.…”

“…Some kinds of helminths parasitizing H. niveatus, such as digenetic trematodes, monogeneans, trypanorhynch cestodes and phillometrid nematodes, have been reported in studies concerning the composition and structure of parasite communities. These helminths could be recognized as part of community composition and species richness, suggesting the importance of their ecological traits and their significance for fish sanitary inspection (Faria & Silva 1934;Manter, 1947;Santos et al 2000;Lima, 2004;Palm, 2004;Eiras et al, 2016;Alves et al, 2017;Moravec et al, 2020). However, there has been no reports of anisakid or raphidascaridid nematodes or acanthocephalans parasitizing H. niveatus, which motivated this survey of nematodes and acanthocephalans parasitizing the snowy grouper from the Brazilian coast.…”

Review of the parasitic nematodes of marine fishes from off the American continent

“…González-Solís et al ., 2002 a , 2002 b , 2007 a , 2007 b ; Gopar-Merino et al ., 2005; Mejía-Madrid and Pérez-Ponce de León, 2007; López-Caballero et al ., 2009; Mejía-Madrid and Guillén-Hernández, 2011), as well as from USA in collaboration with the renowned Czech taxonomist of nematode parasites of fish Dr František Moravec (e.g. Moravec et al ., 2005, 2006, 2008 a , 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2020, 2021). Such increase on species descriptions as a result of actuation of these research groups (see also Moravec et al ., 2007, 2008 b , 2018) is strongly related to the results observed in Fig.…”

“…For example, in the Cystidicolidae that allocates 26 genera with complicated taxonomy and the generic diagnosis is mainly based on minute cephalic structures, SEM observations have proven to be crucial for the resolution of taxonomic problems and the improvement of morphological knowledge (Moravec, 2007; Moravec and Justine, 2010). Similarly, in the Philometridae, which includes commonly very small male specimens and minute cephalic structures, the use of SEM has been very important (Moravec and de Buron, 2013) especially for those parasites of marine fish off the American continent, which have been studied intensively during the last decade (see Moravec and de Buron, 2013; Moravec et al ., 2014, 2016, 2020, 2021). The application of SEM is not restricted to few taxa of nematode parasitizing marine fish in the Americas; it has been practically mandatory for taxonomic studies regarding these parasites during the last 20 years, proving to be very important for the description of new species (e.g.…”

“…The application of SEM is not restricted to few taxa of nematode parasitizing marine fish in the Americas; it has been practically mandatory for taxonomic studies regarding these parasites during the last 20 years, proving to be very important for the description of new species (e.g. Vieira et al ., 2015; Irigoitia et al ., 2017; Aguilar-Aguilar et al ., 2019; Moravec et al ., 2020, 2021), as well as for improving the knowledge of poorly known taxa and resolution of taxonomic issues (e.g. Mejía-Madrid and Aguirre-Macedo, 2011 a ; Pereira et al ., 2015; Moravec et al ., 2017; Sardella et al ., 2017).…”