New provincial CO2 emission inventories in China based on apparent energy consumption data and updated emission factors

Shan, Yuli; Liu, Jianghua; Li, Zhu; Xu, Xiong; Shao, Shuai; Wang, Peng; Guan, Dabo

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.073

Cited by 462 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…China does not officially release carbon emissions data, and data quality is relatively poor at the city level-with the exception of a few megacities. Therefore, we developed a method for constructing a production-based CO2 emissions inventory for Chinese cities using the definition provided by the IPCC territorial emission accounting approach [67][68][69]. Each inventory covers 47 socioeconomic sectors, 20 energy types and 9 primary industry products.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption-based emission accounting for Chinese cities

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Most of China's CO2 emissions are related to energy consumption in its cities. Thus, cities are critical for implementing China's carbon emissions mitigation policies. In this study, we employ an input-output model to calculate consumption-based CO2 emissions for thirteen Chinese cities and find substantial differences between production-and consumption-based accounting in terms of both overall and per capita carbon emissions. Urban consumption not only leads to carbon emissions within a city's own boundaries but also induces emissions in other regions via interregional trade. In megacities such as Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin, approximately 70% of consumption-based emissions are imported from other regions. Annual per capita consumptionbased emissions in the three megacities are 14, 12 and 10 tonnes of CO2 per person, respectively. Some medium-sized cities, such as Shenyang, Dalian and Ningbo, exhibit per capita emissions that resemble those in Tianjin. From the perspective of final use, capital formation is the largest contributor to consumption-based emissions at 32-65%. All thirteen cities are categorized by their trading patterns: five are production-based cities in which production-based emissions exceed consumption-based emissions, whereas eight are consumption-based cities, with the opposite emissions pattern. Moreover, production-based cities tend to become consumption-based as they undergo socioeconomic development.

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Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption-based emission accounting for Chinese cities

et al. 2016

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“…The energy consumption of industrial boiler was calculated to be total energy consumption of industrial sector minus that of industrial process. Shan et al (2016) found that there was a 20% gap between the aggregated energy consumption from 30 provinces and national consumption, when they calculated the provincial CO 2 emissions in China. Then NBSC corrected the energy data in 2015.…”

Section: Fossil Fuel Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Trends of Anthropogenic SO₂, NO_x, CO, and NMVOCs Emissions in China

et al. 2018

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Studies reporting the historical trends of SO 2 , NO x , CO, and nonmethane volatile organic compounds emissions in China using unified approaches and sources are limited. Here we established 66-year emission trends of these four species in China. Six primary anthropogenic sources were included, and we made a series of improvements to the few existing inventories based on detailed statistical data, recently published emission factors, and technology renewal to reduce the uncertainties. National SO 2 , NO x , CO, and nonmethane volatile organic compounds emissions in 2015 were 27.1, 20.6, 188, and 28.4 Mt, with annual growth rates of 5.8%, 5.9%, 3.8%, and 4.6% since 1949, respectively. In recent years, fossil fuel combustion was the major contributor to SO 2 , NO x , and CO emissions, whereas industrial process contributed most to VOCs emissions. Our results revealed a 10% decrease in the SO 2 emissions from 2005 to 2010 as a result of improvements in the flue gas desulfurization installation rate. NO x emissions stopped rising and started falling in 2011, with technology renewal and the penetration of end-of-pipe control measures in industrial boilers and cement production. Furthermore, we calculated future speciated VOCs emissions and ozone formation potential under alternative policy scenarios and projected to reduce emissions by 10% (compared with 2013 levels) with stringent control measures in 2020. A reactivity-based control strategy was proposed to achieve greater ozone formation potential reductions while requiring less VOCs emissions reduction. Plain Language SummaryOver past half century, the emissions of air pollutants generated through human activities in China have increased rapidly. The study of long-term emissions trends will improve our understanding of human influence on climate change and air quality. Here we established 66-year emission trends of four major species for the first time and evaluated the impact of government policy on emission. The central government initialed the most stringent ever action plan in China to cut emissions, for example, from 1 January 2018, China began to levy environmental protection tax, aimed at SO 2 , NO x , CO, VOCs, and other pollutants. Our result reveals a decrease in the SO 2 and NO x emissions, consistent with satellite observation, while VOCs emissions continued to rise. The emission-based reduction plan for VOCs have been implemented nationwide. In this study, we further proposed a reactivity-based control strategy to improve the air quality more effectively.SUN ET AL.

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“…In their paper, Shan et al [7] calculated the provincial emission inventories in China during 2000-2012, adopted the measurement based emission factors and new estimated energy consumption with more reliable data sources. Their results suggest that China's total carbon emission are 12.7% smaller than the ones calculated by the traditional approach and IPCC default emission factors.…”

Section: Accounting and Uncertainty Of Energy Consumption And Ghg Emimentioning

confidence: 99%