New multichannel near infrared spectrophotometry system for functional studies of the brain in adults and neonates

Abstract

We have designed a versatile, multi-channel near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIRS) instrument for the purpose of mapping neuronal activation in the neonatal and adult brain in response to motor, tactile, and visual stimulation. The optical linearity, stability, and high signal to noise ratio (>70 dB) of the instrument were demonstrated using an in vitro validation procedure. In vivo measurements on the adult forearm were also performed. Changes in oxygenation, induced by arterial occlusion of the forearm, were recorded and were shown to compare well with measurements acquired using a conventional NIRS instrument. To demonstrate the capabilities of the instrument, functional measurements in adults and neonates were performed. The instrument exhibited the capability to differentiate with a spatial resolution in the order of cm, local activation patterns associated with a finger tapping sequence.

Wireless miniaturized in-vivo near infrared imaging

“…and a time-linear increase of the HHb at the same rate, which is consistent with the results that were published e.g. in [1]. …”

Wireless miniaturized in-vivo near infrared imaging

“…and a time-linear increase of the HHb at the same rate, which is consistent with the results that were published e.g. in [1]. …”

Investigation of the Pattern of the Hemodynamic Response as Measured by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Studies in Newborns, Less Than a Month Old: A Systematic Review

“…Eleven studies have been performed in newborns using motor or sensory/pain stimulation. Stimuli consisted of passive knee or elbow movement (Isobe et al, 2001 ), vibration to hand or foot (Haensse et al, 2005 ; Shibata et al, 2012 ), tapping (Nasser et al, 2016 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ), rubbing the foot (Nissilä et al, 2003 ), or breaking skin as part of standard clinical care (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ; Bembich et al, 2013 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ). All studies monitored parietal or frontoparietal regions apart from two noxious studies where the frontal lobe was monitored (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ).…”

“…Ten studies showed a positive Δ[HbO 2 ] response with one study not reporting Δ[HbO 2 ] (they instead, they report cerebral blood volume calculated using Δ[HbT] * 0.69/Δ[HHb]; Beken et al, 2014 ). Three studies displayed a negative or no change in Δ[HHb] (Isobe et al, 2001 ; Haensse et al, 2005 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ) and four studies did not report Δ[HHb] results (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ; Shibata et al, 2012 ; Beken et al, 2014 ). Isobe et al ( 2001 ) additionally noted a slower hemodynamic response compared to adults with a time-to-peak of 12 s in Δ[HbO 2 ] and 19 s in Δ[HHb], compared to adult responses in a similar task of 6–8 s in Δ[HbO 2 ] and 11–13 s in Δ[HHb], however, it should be noted that this study was performed on sedated newborns.…”

Study of photon migration with various source-detector separations in near-infrared spectroscopic brain imaging based on three-dimensional Monte Carlo modeling

“…However, the NIRS system usually applies multi-wavelength sources, e.g., 730, 770, and 805 nm in Ref. [24], and 690 and 830 in Ref. [25].…”

Wireless miniaturized in-vivo near infrared imaging

“…and a time-linear increase of the HHb at the same rate, which is consistent with the results that were published e.g. in [1]. …”

Investigation of the Pattern of the Hemodynamic Response as Measured by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Studies in Newborns, Less Than a Month Old: A Systematic Review

“…Eleven studies have been performed in newborns using motor or sensory/pain stimulation. Stimuli consisted of passive knee or elbow movement (Isobe et al, 2001 ), vibration to hand or foot (Haensse et al, 2005 ; Shibata et al, 2012 ), tapping (Nasser et al, 2016 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ), rubbing the foot (Nissilä et al, 2003 ), or breaking skin as part of standard clinical care (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ; Bembich et al, 2013 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ). All studies monitored parietal or frontoparietal regions apart from two noxious studies where the frontal lobe was monitored (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ).…”

“…Ten studies showed a positive Δ[HbO 2 ] response with one study not reporting Δ[HbO 2 ] (they instead, they report cerebral blood volume calculated using Δ[HbT] * 0.69/Δ[HHb]; Beken et al, 2014 ). Three studies displayed a negative or no change in Δ[HHb] (Isobe et al, 2001 ; Haensse et al, 2005 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ) and four studies did not report Δ[HHb] results (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ; Shibata et al, 2012 ; Beken et al, 2014 ). Isobe et al ( 2001 ) additionally noted a slower hemodynamic response compared to adults with a time-to-peak of 12 s in Δ[HbO 2 ] and 19 s in Δ[HHb], compared to adult responses in a similar task of 6–8 s in Δ[HbO 2 ] and 11–13 s in Δ[HHb], however, it should be noted that this study was performed on sedated newborns.…”

Study of photon migration with various source-detector separations in near-infrared spectroscopic brain imaging based on three-dimensional Monte Carlo modeling

“…However, the NIRS system usually applies multi-wavelength sources, e.g., 730, 770, and 805 nm in Ref. [24], and 690 and 830 in Ref. [25].…”

Wireless miniaturized in-vivo near infrared imaging

“…and a time-linear increase of the HHb at the same rate, which is consistent with the results that were published e.g. in [1]. …”

Investigation of the Pattern of the Hemodynamic Response as Measured by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Studies in Newborns, Less Than a Month Old: A Systematic Review

“…Eleven studies have been performed in newborns using motor or sensory/pain stimulation. Stimuli consisted of passive knee or elbow movement (Isobe et al, 2001 ), vibration to hand or foot (Haensse et al, 2005 ; Shibata et al, 2012 ), tapping (Nasser et al, 2016 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ), rubbing the foot (Nissilä et al, 2003 ), or breaking skin as part of standard clinical care (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ; Bembich et al, 2013 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ). All studies monitored parietal or frontoparietal regions apart from two noxious studies where the frontal lobe was monitored (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ).…”

“…Ten studies showed a positive Δ[HbO 2 ] response with one study not reporting Δ[HbO 2 ] (they instead, they report cerebral blood volume calculated using Δ[HbT] * 0.69/Δ[HHb]; Beken et al, 2014 ). Three studies displayed a negative or no change in Δ[HHb] (Isobe et al, 2001 ; Haensse et al, 2005 ; Verriotis et al, 2016 ) and four studies did not report Δ[HHb] results (Ozawa et al, 2011a , b ; Shibata et al, 2012 ; Beken et al, 2014 ). Isobe et al ( 2001 ) additionally noted a slower hemodynamic response compared to adults with a time-to-peak of 12 s in Δ[HbO 2 ] and 19 s in Δ[HHb], compared to adult responses in a similar task of 6–8 s in Δ[HbO 2 ] and 11–13 s in Δ[HHb], however, it should be noted that this study was performed on sedated newborns.…”

Study of photon migration with various source-detector separations in near-infrared spectroscopic brain imaging based on three-dimensional Monte Carlo modeling

“…However, the NIRS system usually applies multi-wavelength sources, e.g., 730, 770, and 805 nm in Ref. [24], and 690 and 830 in Ref. [25].…”