New light in flavin autofluorescence

Croce, Anna Cleta; Bottiroli, Giovanni

doi:10.4081/ejh.2015.2576

Cited by 42 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, upon protein binding there is a shift of the emission spectrum toward shorter wavelengths (20-30 nm) and detection of this shift can be used as a further parameter in assessing NADH binding state (19). The biggest challenges are collagen and elastin in tissue, and flavins and lipopigments in monolayer cells (22). This pretends a changing NADH pool.…”

Section: Excitation and Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NADH Autofluorescence—A Marker on its Way to Boost Bioenergetic Research

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More than 60 years ago, the idea was introduced that NADH autofluorescence could be used as a marker of cellular redox state and indirectly also of cellular energy metabolism. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of NADH autofluorescence offers a marker-free readout of the mitochondrial function of cells in their natural microenvironment and allows different pools of NADH to be distinguished within a cell. Despite its many advantages in terms of spatial resolution and in vivo applicability, this technique still requires improvement in order to be fully useful in bioenergetics research. In the present review, we give a summary of technical and biological challenges that have so far limited the spread of this powerful technology. To help overcome these challenges, we provide a comprehensible overview of biological applications of NADH imaging, along with a detailed summary of valid imaging approaches that may be used to tackle many biological questions. This review is meant to provide all scientists interested in bioenergetics with support on how to embed successfully NADH imaging in their research.

show abstract

Section: Excitation and Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NADH Autofluorescence—A Marker on its Way to Boost Bioenergetic Research

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The emission of lipofuscins and lipofuscin‐like lipopigments may overlay the AF of flavins. However, while flavins show a well‐defined spectral shape, lipofuscin emission varies under different excitation wavelengths, which helps to authenticate the AF signal detected …”

Section: Endogenous Fluorophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…58 The latter includes bile proteins and biliary acids responsible for a blue AF band, causing changes in overall bile AF that reflect bile composition and provide diagnostic information on liver functionality (Supplemental varies under different excitation wavelengths, which helps to authenticate the AF signal detected. [79][80][81][82][83] Proteins are commonly classified as membrane, globular and structural. Aromatic amino acids, tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine are mostly responsible for the AF in the near-UV region of globular proteins, usually of negligible importance in optical biopsy as compared with structural ones.…”

Section: Endog Enous Fluorophore Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Autofluorescence‐based optical biopsy: An effective diagnostic tool in hepatology

Croce

Ferrigno

Bottiroli

et al. 2018

Liver International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autofluorescence emission of liver tissue depends on the presence of endogenous biomolecules able to fluoresce under suitable light excitation. Overall autofluorescence emission contains much information of diagnostic value because it is the sum of individual autofluorescence contributions from fluorophores involved in metabolism, for example, NAD(P)H, flavins, lipofuscins, retinoids, porphyrins, bilirubin and lipids, or in structural architecture, for example, fibrous proteins, in close relationship with normal, altered or diseased conditions of the liver. Since the 1950s, hepatocytes and liver have been historical models to study NAD(P)H and flavins as in situ, real-time autofluorescence biomarkers of energy metabolism and redox state. Later investigations designed to monitor organ responses to ischaemia/reperfusion were able to predict the risk of dysfunction in surgery and transplantation or support the development of procedures to ameliorate the liver outcome. Subsequently, fluorescent fatty acids, lipofuscin-like lipopigments and collagen were characterized as optical biomarkers of liver steatosis, oxidative stress damage, fibrosis and disease progression. Currently, serum AF is being investigated to improve non-invasive optical diagnosis of liver disease. Validation of endogenous fluorophores and in situ discrimination of cancerous from non-cancerous tissue belong to the few studies on liver in human subjects. These reports along with other optical techniques and the huge work performed on animal models suggest many optically based applications in hepatology. Optical diagnosis is currently offering beneficial outcomes in clinical fields ranging from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, to dermatology and ophthalmology. Accordingly, this review aims to promote an effective bench to bedside transfer in hepatology.

show abstract

“…Attention focused primarily on intratissue lipid oxidative events. Tissue redox state and energy metabolism were also investigated by means of the more conventional NAD(P)H and flavins, fluorescing in the reduced and oxidized forms, respectively . Attention was also given to bile and perfusate medium, as possible additional resources for AF liquid biopsy, and to biochemical correlates, for a more comprehensive diagnostic impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%