New directions in equity research.

Abstract

This article consists of four sections: The first section elucidates a general theory of social behavior-equity theory. Equity theory consists of four propositions designed to predict when individuals will perceive that they are justly treated and how they will react when they find themselves enmeshed in unjust relationships. The second section summarizes the extensive research that has been conducted to lest equity theory. The third section points out the ways in which equity theory interlocks with other major social psychological theories. The final section hints at some ways in which equity theory can be applied to understanding social problems.

On the psychology of procedural justice: reactions to procedures of ingroup vs. outgroup authorities

“…However, distributive justice studies (e.g. Walster et al, 1973) focus on reactions to favourable vs. unfavourable outcomes whereas our interest lies in favourable vs. unfavourable procedures. We argue that this might be a fruitful distinction when investigating effects of procedures based on instrumental concerns.…”

“…After all, a favourably unfair procedure should, as should a fair procedure, yield positive outcome expectancies. Note that based on equity theory (Walster, Berscheid, & Walster, 1973) and Thibaut and Walker's control model (1975), we do not expect people faced with an outgroup authority to prefer On the psychology of procedural justice 181 a favourably unfair procedure to a fair procedure. However, we do suggest that people might prefer favourably unfair procedures to unfavourably unfair procedures in encounters with outgroup authorities.…”

A disztributív igazságosság fogalmának értelmezése a szolgáltatóvállalat nézőpontjából

“…A panaszkezelés vizsgálatának a szakirodalomban leggyakrabban hivatkozott elméleti alapja az észlelt igazságosság elmélete (Maxham -Netemeyer, 2002;McCollough et al, 2000;Tax et al, 1998), ami a tár-sadalmi csere és a méltányosság elméletekhez kötődik (Homans, 1961;Walster et al, 1973).…”

Adding exchange to charity: A reference price explanation

“…These include the desire to experience a 'warm glow' (e.g. Isen & Levin, 1972), a need to view oneself as good and kind (Walster, Berschield & Walster, 1973), an aspiration to 'do the right thing' (Dawes & Thaler, 1988), a quest for moral satisfaction (Kahneman & Knetsch, 1992), or a signal of social reliability to gain indirect reciprocity or political reputation (Milinski et al, 2002).…”