New diagnostics in parasitology

Chiodini, Peter L.

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2004.11.002

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…viral culture and biochemical identification of bacteria) in the last two decades [1]. This lag in diagnostic innovation can be partly explained by the fact that detection and differentiation of cysts, ova and larvae, when performed by well-trained technicians, are simple, fast and inexpensive [2]. In addition, microscopy also allows for detection of unexpected parasites, which may be particularly appropriate, as well as convenient, when the clinical presentation is atypical or vague.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical consequences of new diagnostic tools for intestinal parasites

Lieshout

Roestenberg

2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Following the success of nucleic acid-based detection in virology and bacteriology, multiplex real-time PCRs are increasingly used as first-line diagnostics in clinical parasitology, replacing microscopy. The detection and quantification of parasite-specific DNA in faeces is highly sensitive and specific and allows for cost-effective high-throughput screening. In this paper we discuss the clinical consequences of this radical change in diagnostic approach, as well as its potential drawbacks. In the Netherlands, routine diagnostic laboratories have been pioneering the implementation of multiplex real-time PCR for the detection of pathogenic intestinal protozoa and this has resulted in increased detection rates of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp. As a consequence of this new diagnostic approach, expertise in the field of parasite morphology by conventional light microscopy seems to be disappearing in most of the high-throughput microbiological laboratories. As a result, to maintain a high standard of care, a formalized exchange of critical information between clinicians and laboratory staff is necessary to determine the most appropriate testing either in local laboratories or in reference centres, based on clinical signs and symptoms, exposure and immune status. If such a diagnostic algorithm is lacking, important infections in travellers, immigrants and immunocompromised patients may be missed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical consequences of new diagnostic tools for intestinal parasites

Lieshout

Roestenberg

2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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“…Recently, several diagnostic methodological approaches have been made available, especially in the field of molecular biology, biochemistry and immunology. However, these methods are still expensive and they are not applicable in routine practice (Chiodini 2005). For this reason, the coprological approach, which utilizes faecal samples to determine faecal egg count (FEC) enabling the detection of parasitic elements (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which McMaster egg counting technique is the most reliable?

et al. 2011

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This study focuses on the comparison of three selected modifications of the McMaster counting technique, namely the McMaster method modified by Wetzel (W) and Zajíček (Z), as well as the concentration McMaster technique according to Roepstorff and Nansen (R&N). These modifications differ in the weights of faeces examined (W, 2 g/Z, 1 g/R&N, 4 g), flotation solutions (W, NaCl/Z, MgSO(4) + Na(2)S(2)O(3)/R&N, NaCl + glucose), centrifugation (W, none/Z, 2,000 RPM for 2 min and 2,000 RPM for 1 min/R&N, 1,200 RPM for 5 min), number of McMaster chambers investigated (W, 3/Z, 2/R&N, 2), and multiplication factors used (W, 67/Z, 33/R&N, 20). To investigate the sensitivity and reliability of these methods, nematode eggs (Teladorsagia circumcincta) were used. Parasite elements are distributed through negative binomial distribution in naturally infected host faeces, and the number of parasite elements in a given amount of faeces sample is unknown to man. Therefore, we decided to prepare the exact number of eggs which were added to the parasite negative faeces; the faecal sample was then investigated. From this perspective, this is the first time a comparison of the McMaster methods has been so accurately investigated. This approach allows us to evaluate the real sensitivity and reliability of the tested method. As the findings of this study indicate, the highest sensitivity and reliability were obtained using the Roepstorff and Nansen modification. This McMaster modification is able to detect 20 eggs per sample (in 70% of samples). Concentrations of 200 and 500 eggs can be found in almost 100% of samples. Moreover, this method is simple, cheap and fast. For these reasons, we can recommend this method for routine veterinary practice.

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“…Many diagnostic techniques have been currently made available, particularly in the field of molecular biology, biochemistry and immunology. Nonetheless, they are still expensive and not applicable in conventional practice [66]. Parasitized animals can demonstrate several infection signs depending on the GIN parasites present.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemonchus Contortus and Ovine Host: A Retrospective Review.

Ashram¹,

Nasr²,

Mehmood³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infections are a world-wide problem for both small-and large-scale farmers. Infection by GI parasites in ruminants, including sheep and goat can result in harsh economic losses in a variety of ways: reproductive inefficiency, decreased work capacity, involuntary culling, diminished food intake, poor animal growth rates and lower weight gains, treatment and management costs, and mortality in heavily parasitized animals. Among the GI parasites that cause losses to the farming industry, the barber"s pole worm Haemonchus contortus is the predominant, blood-sucking, highly pathogenic, and economically important nematode that infects small ruminants. Here, we review the historical and recent literature on the ovine-parasite-environment interaction for H. contortus to bring avenues where advances in the understanding of these interactions is an indispensible to develop a cost effective control strategies as potential options for the haemonchosis control in sheep and the proper management of sheep in various production systems.

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New diagnostics in parasitology

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical consequences of new diagnostic tools for intestinal parasites

Clinical consequences of new diagnostic tools for intestinal parasites

Which McMaster egg counting technique is the most reliable?

Haemonchus Contortus and Ovine Host: A Retrospective Review.

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