New developments in prostate cancer screening using a novel cancer-specific, non-PSA biomarker assay derived from autoantibody signatures

Hafron, Jason; Yu, Haixia; Juang, Alice; Vuong, Doris; Kamer, Sandy; Carbonell, Luis F.; Singh, Sharat; Reinhard, Robert J.; Arthurs, Jim; Ohrnberger, Jeanne; Fish, Amanda L; Arbor, Ann; Kapphahn, Kristopher; Rajan, Ravi Kumar

doi:10.15761/jmt.1000119

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa) screening, it has several limitations. The lack of specificity and the limited ability of this serum marker to distinguish between malignant and benign causes of its elevation might in fact result in overdiagnosis and a significant risk of false positive results [ 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Urological Cancers: A Systematic Review

Aveta

Cilio

Contieri

et al. 2023

IJMS

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as biomarkers for the detection and prognosis of cancers due to their inherent stability and resilience. To summarize the evidence regarding the role of urinary miRNAs (umiRNAs) in the detection, prognosis, and therapy of genitourinary cancers, we performed a systematic review of the most important scientific databases using the following keywords: (urinary miRNA) AND (prostate cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (bladder cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (renal cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (testicular cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (urothelial cancer). Of all, 1364 articles were screened. Only original studies in the English language on human specimens were considered for inclusion in our systematic review. Thus, a convenient sample of 60 original articles was identified. UmiRNAs are up- or downregulated in prostate cancer and may serve as potential non-invasive molecular biomarkers. Several umiRNAs have been identified as diagnostic biomarkers of urothelial carcinoma and bladder cancer (BC), allowing us to discriminate malignant from nonmalignant forms of hematuria. UmiRNAs could serve as therapeutic targets or recurrence markers of non-muscle-invasive BC and could predict the aggressivity and prognosis of muscle-invasive BC. In renal cell carcinoma, miRNAs have been identified as predictors of tumor detection, aggressiveness, and progression to metastasis. UmiRNAs could play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of urological cancers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Urological Cancers: A Systematic Review

Aveta

Cilio

Contieri

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…In the context of PCa, miRNAs represent valuable biomarkers offering supplementary value to PSA in the diagnosis and prediction of disease progression. Unlike PSA, which lacks specificity to distinguish between benign conditions and cancer [ 36 ], specific miRNA expression ratios (miR-1913/miR-3659 and miR-H9/miR-3659) have shown promise in differentiating PCa patients from healthy individuals, particularly in the grey zone of PSA levels (3–10 ng/mL). Notably, miRNAs such as miR-21-5p, miR-574-3p, and miR-6880-5p have been associated with CRPC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Role of EV-Derived miR-150-5p in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Its Association with High-Grade Gleason Scores: Implications for Diagnosis

Cruz-Burgos,

Cortés-Ramírez,

Losada-García

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Metastasis remains the leading cause of mortality in prostate cancer patients. The presence of tumor cells in lymph nodes is an established prognostic indicator for several cancer types, such as melanoma, breast, oral, pancreatic, and cervical cancers. Emerging evidence highlights the role of microRNAs enclosed within extracellular vesicles as facilitators of molecular communication between tumors and metastatic sites in the lymph nodes. This study aims to investigate the potential diagnostic utility of EV-derived microRNAs in liquid biopsies for prostate cancer. By employing microarrays on paraffin-embedded samples, we characterized the microRNA expression profiles in metastatic lymph nodes, non-metastatic lymph nodes, and primary tumor tissues of prostate cancer. Differential expression of microRNAs was observed in metastatic lymph nodes compared to prostate tumors and non-metastatic lymph node tissues. Three microRNAs (miR-140-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-23b-3p) were identified as differentially expressed between tissue and plasma samples. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression of these microRNAs in exosomes derived from prostate cancer cells and plasma samples. Intriguingly, high Gleason score samples exhibited the lowest expression of miR-150-5p compared to control samples. Pathway analysis suggested a potential regulatory role for miR-150-5p in the Wnt pathway and bone metastasis. Our findings suggest EV-derived miR-150-5p as a promising diagnostic marker for identifying patients with high-grade Gleason scores and detecting metastasis at an early stage.

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New developments in prostate cancer screening using a novel cancer-specific, non-PSA biomarker assay derived from autoantibody signatures

Abstract: Background: Over diagnosis and overtreatment of indolent prostate cancer (PC) is a serious health issue. There is an unmet clinical need for noninvasive, easy to administer, diagnostic assay to help assess whether a prostate biopsy is warranted.

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Urinary MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Urological Cancers: A Systematic Review

Urinary MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Urological Cancers: A Systematic Review

Unraveling the Role of EV-Derived miR-150-5p in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Its Association with High-Grade Gleason Scores: Implications for Diagnosis

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