New Design and Characteristics of Probiotics Immobilized on a Clinoptilolite-Containing Tuff

Abstract

Increasing the biological effectiveness of probiotic preparations requires the development of new stable forms in the gastrointestinal tract. Live bacteria immobilized on a sorbent belong to the latest, fourth generation of probiotics, which ensures a prolonged effect. This study is devoted to developing a new method of preparing active lactobacilli on a natural mineral carrier, a tuff containing zeolite of the clinoptilolite group, which is among the most common authigenic silicate minerals that occur in sedimentary rocks and is known as a safe ion-exchange and adsorbing detoxicant. Among the characterized lactobacilli, strains of L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, and L. crispatus possessed a high level of acid formation and stability in gastrointestinal fluids. The protective effect of the clinoptilolite-containing tuff was registered when the samples were incubated in gastric juice. The optimal technological conditions for immobilization and lyophilization were determined, and the preservation of the viability and probiotic properties of bacteria was confirmed during 8 months of storage. The release of bacteria from the carrier occurred gradually over 12 h. The data obtained show how promising the new preparation is, combining the ability to detoxify harmful intestinal metabolites and the prolonged release of probiotics.