New circulating biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular death in healthy population

Abstract

There is interest to analyse newer biomarkers to identify healthy individuals at risk to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidents and death. To determine in healthy individuals new circulating protein biomarkers, whose systemic levels may be associated with the risk of future development of CVD incidents and death. The study was performed in 82 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study cohort, free from CVD of whom 41 developed CVD and 41 did not. Plasma proteins related to inflammation and thrombo-coagulating processes were analysed. α1-antitrypsin isotype 3 plasma levels were significantly higher while apolipoprotein J plasma levels were lower in participants that developed CVD incidents than those that did not develop acute cardiovascular episode. Of 82 participants, 17 died by CVD causes. There were proteins whose expression in plasma was significantly higher in participants suffering CVD death as compared with those that did not die by CVD. These proteins included: fibrinogen β-chain isotypes 1 and 3, fibrinogen-γ-chain isotype 2, vitamin D-binding protein isotypes 1, 2 and 3, α1-antitrypsin isotypes 3 and 6, haptoglobin isotypes 3,4,5 and 5, haemopexin isotypes 1 and 2, and Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2. Moreover, apolipoprotein J plasma levels were found lower in participants that died by cardiovascular cause. Association between plasma levels of proteins and CVD death was independent of age, gender, conventional risk factors and plasma C-reactive protein levels. Several protein plasma levels and protein isotypes related to inflammation and thrombo-coagulating phenomena were independently associated with the risk of future CVD death.

Independent and Synergistic Associations of Biomarkers of Vitamin D Status With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

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Proteomics and metabolomics in ageing research: from biomarkers to systems biology

“…Protein and metabolite biomarkers of coronary artery disease [51], heart failure [52,53], and atherosclerosis [54,55] have been identified that distinguish control and diseased individuals. In one recent study, plasma protein biomarkers were associated not only with future cardiovascular events, but also with future mortality from cardiovascular disease within an 18-year follow-up time [56]. Taken together, these cardiovascular studies suggest that the abundance of differentially regulated inflammatory response proteins may be potential biomarkers of cardiovascular events.…”