New archeomagnetic secular variation data from Central Europe, II: Intensities

Schnepp, Elisabeth; Thallner, Daniele; Arneitz, Patrick; Leonhardt, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2020.106605

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In fact, due to the lack of Q data in Central and Western Europe for this time, these western maxima could be a direct influence of the higher maxima at 1500 BC and 1000 BC of the Middle East. As suggested by previous studies (Genevey et al., 2016; Gómez‐Paccard et al., 2016; Schnepp et al., 2020), the next prominent maximum in the western curve occurs at 800 AD followed by a continuous intensity decay up to the present days.…”

Section: Schadif14k Paleomagnetic Reconstructionsupporting

confidence: 65%

SCHA.DIF.4k: 4,000 Years of Paleomagnetic Reconstruction for Europe and Its Application for Dating

et al. 2021

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During the last decade, many efforts have been carried out to improve the paleomagnetic database for the Holocene and late Pleistocene epochs. The increase of paleomagnetic data has enabled to have a better knowledge of the spatial and temporal variations of the ancient Earth's magnetic field over the last 100 kyr (Panovska et al., 2019). For the last millennia, the most accurate paleomagnetic information comes from studies performed in archaeological structures and lava flows, since they have recorded snapshots of the past geomagnetic field owing to a thermoremanent magnetization (TRM). These kind of data, named in this work as TRM data, are used to reconstruct the past field (or paleofield) at different spatial scales: from local by determining paleosecular variation (PSV) curves (

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Section: Schadif14k Paleomagnetic Reconstructionsupporting

confidence: 65%

SCHA.DIF.4k: 4,000 Years of Paleomagnetic Reconstruction for Europe and Its Application for Dating

et al. 2021

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“…Nowadays, it is well known that the past geomagnetic field strength has exhibited numerous intense, short-lived (multidecadal) maxima at different times and locations (eg., Ben-Yosef et al, 2009;Shaar et al, 2011Shaar et al, , 2016among others). In Europe, several archeomagnetic studies conducted over the past few decades resulted in a refined description of geomagnetic field intensity changes over the last few millennia at regional scales (e.g., Genevey et al, 2016Genevey et al, , 2018Genevey et al, , 2019Gómez-Paccard et al, 2012, 2016Kovacheva et al, 2014;Rivero-Montero et al, 2021;Schnepp et al, 2020;Tema et al, 2010Tema et al, , 2012. These studies confirmed that several relative intensity maxima and minima were achieved in Europe over the past 2000 years but the specific pattern of oscillations is still a matter of debate (e.g., Kovacheva et al, 2014;Genevey et al, 2016;Gómez-Paccard et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…6). From 200 CE to 1800 CE, 138 data from Western Europe (Hedley and Wagner, 1991;Chauvin et al, 2000;Genevey and Gallet, 2002;Gómez-Paccard et al, 2006, 2008Spassov et al, 2008;Gallet et al, 2009;Genevey et al, 2009Genevey et al, , 2013Genevey et al, , 2016Genevey et al, , 2019Kovacheva et al, 2009;Tema et al, 2010Tema et al, , 2015Donadini et al, 2012;Schnepp and Brüggler, 2016;Schnepp et al, 2020) and 77 from Eastern Europe (Burlatskaya, 1970;Burlatskaya et al, 1986;Ogishima et al, 2000;De Marco et al, 2008;Kovacheva et al, 2009Kovacheva et al, , 2014Spatharas et al, 2011;Tema et al, 2012;Kondopoulou et al, 2015;Aidona et al, 2018;Genevey et al, 2018;Schnepp et al, 2020) pass our selection criteria (Table S2). As it can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, a slow decrease in intensity is observed with almost no evidence of oscillations after 1000 CE (see also Genevey et al, 2019 for a discussion). In Germany (Schnepp et al, 2020) and Finland (Pesonen et al, 1995) high intensities have also been obtained for this period, but the double-oscillation is not well recognized by the few data available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, and despite the great effort made in the previously mentioned studies, the spatial and temporal extension of the intensity maxima in Europe is not well constrained. For instance, an important unresolved question is if the different maxima are simultaneously observed all over Europe or not (Gómez-Paccard et al, 2012, 2016Molina-Cardín et al, 2018;Genevey et al, 2016Genevey et al, , 2019Schnepp et al, 2020). In this context, new data are essential to gain insight into the geomagnetic field evolution in Europe over the last 2000 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Refining geomagnetic field intensity changes in Europe between 200 CE and 1800 CE. New data from the Mediterranean region

Rivero-Montero

Gómez‐Paccard

Pavón‐Carrasco

et al. 2021

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

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Absolute past geomagnetic intensity values can mainly be recovered by fired archaeological materials and volcanic rocks. Here, we present 10 new archeointensities from the Mediterranean region that help to better constrain geomagnetic field intensity changes in Europe over the last two millennia. The new archeointensity results were obtained from the Thellier classical method including thermoremanent magnetization (pTRM) checks and both the TRM anisotropy and cooling rate corrections and were derived from at least three specimens. The new data presented, together with a selection of previous archeointensities satisfying a set of quality criteria, confirm the presence of several intensity maxima in Europe over the last 2000 years. In particular, the new archeointensities allow to better define the starting point of the double-oscillation feature that occurred in Europe during the second half of the first millennium CE, and reinforce the existence of a relative maximum at the end of the 14th century -beginning of the 15th century in Western Europe. From selected European archeointensities two new paleosecular variation curves are constructed for Western and Eastern Europe using temporal cubic b-splines in a bootstrap approach. The obtained curves suggest that the occurrence of the intensity maxima is characterized by a period of about 300 ± 50 years. In addition, our results suggest that the maxima do not occur simultaneously in Western and Eastern Europe, pointing out an intensity eastward drift with a mean lag-time of about 100 years.

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Archaeomagnetism in the Levant and Mesopotamia reveals the largest changes in the geomagnetic field

Shaar

Gallet

Vaknin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Our understanding of geomagnetic field intensity prior to the era of direct instrumental measurements rely on paleointensity analysis of rocks and archaeological materials that serve as magnetic recorders. Only in rare cases absolute paleointensity datasets are continuous over millennial timescales, provide sub-centennial resolution, and are directly dated using radiocarbon. As a result, fundamental properties of the geomagnetic field, such as its maximum intensity and maximum rate of change have remained a subject of lively discussion. Here, we place firm constraints on these two quantities using Bayesian modelling of well-dated archaeomagnetic intensity data from the Levant and Upper Mesopotamia. We report new data from 23 groups of pottery collected from 18 consecutive radiocarbon-dated archaeological strata from Tel Megiddo, Israel. In the Near East, the period between 1700-550 BCE is now represented by 87 groups of archaeological artifacts, 57 of which dated using radiocarbon and/or direct association to clear historically-dated events, providing an unprecedented sub-century resolution. Moreover, stratigraphic relation between samples collected from multi-layered sited enable further refinement of the archaeomagnetic ages. The Bayesian curve shows four geomagnetic spikes between 1050 and 600 BCE, with virtual axial dipole moment (VADM) reaching values of 155-162 ZAm 2 -much higher than any prediction from geomagnetic field models. Rates of change associated with the four spikes are ˜0.35-0.55 μT/year (˜0.7-1.1 ZAm 2 /year) -at least twice the maximum rate inferred from direct observations spanning the past 190 years. Moreover, the increase from 1750 BCE to the first spike depicts the Holocene largest change in field intensity.

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New archeomagnetic secular variation data from Central Europe, II: Intensities

Cited by 15 publications

References 64 publications

SCHA.DIF.4k: 4,000 Years of Paleomagnetic Reconstruction for Europe and Its Application for Dating

SCHA.DIF.4k: 4,000 Years of Paleomagnetic Reconstruction for Europe and Its Application for Dating

Refining geomagnetic field intensity changes in Europe between 200 CE and 1800 CE. New data from the Mediterranean region

Archaeomagnetism in the Levant and Mesopotamia reveals the largest changes in the geomagnetic field

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