New Antibacterial Agent Isolated from the Avocado Pear

Néeman, I.; Lifshitz, A.; Kashman, Yoel

doi:10.1128/am.19.3.470-473.1970

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In our continuing search for antineoplastic agents from higher plants, using the brine shrimp lethality assay (BST) to prescreen the extracts and direct the fractionations, we examined the unripe fruit of P. americana for its rumored anticancer properties. Herein, we report the isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activities of 1,2,4-trihydroxynonadecane ( 1 ), 1,2,4-trihydroxyheptadec-16-ene ( 2 ), and 1,2,4-trihydroxyheptadec-16-yne ( 3 ) (Figure ); compound 1 is new, while 2 and 3 have been described previously as the bitter antibacterial , and antifungal constituents of P. americana . In the literature, however, Adikaram et al switched some of the key 1 H NMR assignments between 2 and 3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and Insecticidal Constituents of the Unripe Fruit of Persea americana

et al. 1998

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Unripe avocado fruit (Persea americana) was subjected to a bioactivity-directed fractionation, as monitored via the brine shrimp lethality assay, to isolate three major bioactive constituents (1-3). Compounds 1-3 all have a 1,2,4-triol moiety and a long aliphatic chain that terminates as either an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, respectively; 1 is new, while 2 and 3 have been described previously but not as cytotoxic or pesticidal agents. All have activity against six human tumor cell lines in culture and show selectivity for human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cells with 3 being nearly as potent as adriamycin. Also, when tested against yellow fever mosquito larva, 3 was more effective than rotenone, a natural botanical insecticide and positive control.

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confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and Insecticidal Constituents of the Unripe Fruit of Persea americana

et al. 1998

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“…The researchers used cell culture models and enzymes involved in immune response and inflammatory illnesses to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Avocado seed extract. It demonstrates that Avocado seeds contain bioactive substances with anti-inflammatory properties [64,65,66].…”

Section: The Anti-inflammatory and Anti-microbial Propertymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Avocados have a variety of antibacterial metabolites. Antibacterial action was demonstrated by the 1,2,4-trihydroxy-n-heptadeca-16-en isolated from Avocado fruit and seeds [64,65,66].…”

Section: The Anti-inflammatory and Anti-microbial Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Avocado (<em>Persea americana</em> Mill.): A Review and Sustainability Perspectives

Bhore¹,

Ochoa²,

Houssari³

et al. 2021

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Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) plant fruits are well-known for their high nutritional value, unique test, and healthy oil. It has a history of about 10,000 years. Avocado fruit offers many health benefits, and its production is rapidly increasing. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)’s recent data suggest that the Avocados produced in the world in 2019 was twice that of 2010 (3778010 tons). Avocado’s global Gross Production Value was about 5.812 billion USD in 2018, and it is likely to increase rapidly because of the increasing demand for Avocado fruits. Avocado oil is also used in the cosmetic industry because of its therapeutic properties, and it boosts the economic value of the Avocado industry. Avocado fruits have a rough green-gold skin; however, fruits are called ‘the green gold’ because of their massive global demand in the worldwide market and a lucrative business. The cultivation of Avocado has tremendous potential in increasing the rural economy, rural agriculture-based employment and reducing the poverty rate of growers. On the other hand, the Avocado industry is highly criticised because of deforestation, massive water utilisation, polluting water bodies with insecticides and fertilisers, posing a threat to other plant species, and environmental pollution. However, it doesn’t preclude the importance of Avocado. Cameroon’s average temperature is about 23 °C, which is considered optimal for Avocado propagation and commercial cultivation. Cameroon Association of Active Youths (CAMAAY) want to explore the possibilities of engaging Cameroon youths in Avocado cultivation. This review is aimed to provide an overview of Avocado. The review also highlights Avocado cultivation related issues from one health and sustainability perspective in line with the global goals.

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“…The resulting persin-derived compounds represent a major unsaponifiable fraction in PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU ® that cannot be found in any other type of avocado extraction process, such as cold pressure and centrifugation, or in soy unsaponifiables ( Farines et al, 1995 ). Similarly, the specific process used for preparation of PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU ® leads to enrichment of the avocado unsaponifiable fraction by alkyl triols, which has been previously described ( Kashman et al, 1969 ; Néeman et al, 1970 ; Brown, 1973 ) (Laboratoires Expanscience, Internal data). The composition of PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU ® is complex and typically contains 35% sterols, 25% tocopherols, and 25% molecules from avocados that are obtained specifically for this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition Analysis and Pharmacological Activity of Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiable Products Used in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis

et al. 2022

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Objective: Avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASUs) are commonly used to treat OA symptoms. However, there are many ASU mixtures on the market with differing compositions and pharmacological activities. This study aimed to compare the composition and pharmacological activity of seven commercially available ASU products on human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.Methods: The contents of the lipidic part of ASUs were characterized by gas chromatography analysis using a VARIAN 3400 chromatograph. The pharmacological activity of the ASU products was tested on human osteoarthritis chondrocytes cultured in alginate beads. Their effects were evaluated on aggrecan, interleukin (IL)-6 and -8, and matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-3 using immunoassays and on nitric oxide through measurement of nitrite via spectrometry.Results: PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU® showed a specific profile with the presence of chromatographic peaks corresponding to an alkyl furan fraction and alkyl triols. PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU®, Persemax, Insaponifiable 300, Arthrocen, and Arthocare contained quantifiable amounts of tocopherol, while tocopherol was undetectable in Avovida and Saponic. Squalene was found only in PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU®. The abundance of sterols varied depending on the product. PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU® was the most active of the tested ASU products in inhibiting nitric oxide, IL-6, and IL-8 production by chondrocytes. With the exception of Saponic and Persemax, all the ASU mixtures either slightly or significantly increased aggrecan production. MMP-3 levels were significantly decreased by Insaponifiable 300 and PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU® and significantly increased by Saponic.Conclusion: The composition of PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU® is different to that of the other evaluated ASU mixtures. This specific composition explains its better pharmacological activity, including the higher inhibitory effect on pro-inflammatory and pro-catabolic factors. Our findings are helpful in providing a basis for understanding the symptomatic effect of PIASCLEDINE-ExpASU® in patients with osteoarthritis.

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New Antibacterial Agent Isolated from the Avocado Pear

Cited by 31 publications

References 3 publications

Cytotoxic and Insecticidal Constituents of the Unripe Fruit of Persea americana

Cytotoxic and Insecticidal Constituents of the Unripe Fruit of Persea americana

The Avocado (<em>Persea americana</em> Mill.): A Review and Sustainability Perspectives

Composition Analysis and Pharmacological Activity of Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiable Products Used in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis

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