New advances in genitourinary cancer: evidence gathered in 2014

Suárez, Cristina; Puente, Javier; Gallardo, Enrique; Mendez-Vidal, María José; Climent, Miguel Ángel; León, L.; Olmos, David; Muro, Xavier García del; González-Billalabeitia, Enrique; Grande, Enrique; Bellmunt, Joaquim; Mellado, Begoña; Maroto, Pablo; Alba, Aránzazu Gonzalez del

doi:10.1007/s10555-015-9577-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 159 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…Together they account for about 14% of all malignancies, respectively [ 1 ]. While TC has a comparably good prognosis even in metastatic treatment settings, outcomes for RCC, BC, and PCa strongly vary depending on tumor stage and clinico-pathological biomarkers [ 2 ]. However, because of the introduction and availability of novel drugs such as second generation antiandrogens in castration resistant PCa (CRPC) [ 3 ] or immune checkpoint inhibitors in BC and RCC [ 4 , 5 ], outcomes are improving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

lncRNA and Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancers of the Genitourinary System

Barth

Juráček

Slabý

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Available systemic treatment options for cancers of the genitourinary system have experienced great progress in the last decade. However, a large proportion of patients eventually develop resistance to treatment, resulting in disease progression and shorter overall survival. Biomarkers indicating the increasing resistance to cancer therapies are yet to enter clinical routine. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are non-protein coding RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that exert multiple types of regulatory functions of all known cellular processes. Increasing evidence supports the role of lncRNAs in cancer development and progression. Additionally, their involvement in the development of drug resistance across various cancer entities, including genitourinary malignancies, are starting to be discovered. Consequently, lncRNAs have been suggested as factors in novel therapeutic strategies to overcome drug resistance in cancer. In this review, the existing evidences on lncRNAs and their involvement in mechanisms of drug resistance in cancers of the genitourinary system, including renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and testicular cancer, will be highlighted and discussed to facilitate and encourage further research in this field. We summarize a significant number of lncRNAs with proposed pathways in drug resistance and available reported studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

lncRNA and Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancers of the Genitourinary System

Barth

Juráček

Slabý

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…In these cases, the tumor has invaded the muscularis propria. Despite undergoing radical cystectomy, the 5-year cancer-specific survival is estimated to be 60%, with approximately 50% of the patients succumbing to metastatic disease [9,10]. Invasion of the detrusor muscle and development of hydronephrosis are two important events in disease progression associated with lymph node (LN) positive disease and poor prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Concepts in the Management of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Krishna

Konety

2016

Indian J Surg Oncol

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Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer in the world. Twenty to twenty-five percent of all newly diagnosed bladder cancers are muscle invasive in nature, and further, 20-25% of patients who are diagnosed with high-risk nonmuscle invasive disease will eventually progress to muscle invasive disease in due course of time irrespective of adjuvant intravesical therapies. Availability of newer imaging modalities improves appropriate identification of patients with muscle invasive disease. Radical cystectomy remains the mainstay of treatment for management of muscle invasive disease. Availability of neoadjuvant chemotherapy has improved overall survival. Risk stratification systems are now in consideration to identify patients who benefit maximally from neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Urinary diversion is a major cause of morbidity in these patients, and several strategies are being employed to reduce morbidity. In this article, we review available literature on various aspects of management of muscle invasive disease. Histologically, over 90% of bladder tumors are transitional cell carcinomas. The other subtypes, such as squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, are uncommon and account for 5 and <2%, respectively. Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a variable natural progression. Urothelial carcinomas can have a component of Bvariant histology^such as squamous differentiation, micropapillary, or adenocarcinoma. Micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma is associated with worse prognosis than pure urothelial carcinoma. Around 70% of the patients present with tumors that are superficial and have a tendency to recur. The remaining 30% present with muscle invasive tumors [4]. PathologyLow-grade tumors represent 50-60% of the cases. Majority of the tumors are stage Ta, i.e., confined to the urothelium. These tumors tend to recur and generally require repeated transurethral resection (TURBT) and surveillance cystoscopies [5].High-grade (HG) lesions account for 20-25% of all new cases. These lesions can either be sessile or papillary lesions. These tumors have a tendency to invade into the bladder wall if left untreated, especially in the presence of carcinoma in situ (CIS). Despite treatment in the form TURBT and chemotherapy, more than 20% of the patients with high-grade lesions progress to muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) [6,7]. This has led to a lot of controversy regarding aggressive treatment in the form of early radical cystectomy vs. TURBT along with intravesical therapy, particularly in patients with HG

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“…Intravesical chemotherapies are more commonly used in China, but their e ect on lowering progression rate is not satisfactory. More experience is needed with some novel treatments, including angiogenesis inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, to determine their e ect on the inhibition of cancer progression [8]. erefore, it is necessary to further clarify the mechanism of bladder cancer invasion with the goal of preventing tumor progression.…”

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confidence: 99%

Zonula occludens-1 associated nucleic acid binding protein plays an invasion-promoting role in bladder cancer

You

2019

neo

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Cancer cell invasion is an important characteristic of malignant tumors. Cancer cells overcome the constraints of tight junctions (TJ) to invade other tissues, but less is known about the regulating role of tight junctions in bladder cancer (BC) invasion. In order to identify the invasion-regulating function of tight junction component, we investigated the oncogenic features of zonula occludens-1 associated nucleic acid binding protein (ZONAB), a TJ protein that is usually highly expressed in solid cancers. Expression of ZONAB was found to be up-regulated in human BC cell lines detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting. ZONAB expression was signi cantly up-regulated in BC cell lines and negatively regulated E-cadherin expression. Overexpression of ZONAB by stable transduction in human BC cell lines promoted invasion detected by transwell invasion assay. Conversely, stable suppression of ZONAB expression by RNA interference (RNAi) in BC cells attenuated invasion. A similar role of ZONAB in promoting invasion and EMT was observed in xenogra s. In summary, ZONAB is up-regulated in BC cell lines and promotes invasion, demonstrating the important role it plays in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.

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New advances in genitourinary cancer: evidence gathered in 2014

Cited by 4 publications

References 159 publications

lncRNA and Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancers of the Genitourinary System

lncRNA and Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancers of the Genitourinary System

Current Concepts in the Management of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Zonula occludens-1 associated nucleic acid binding protein plays an invasion-promoting role in bladder cancer

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