“…Among all primates, the neotropical ones are scarcely studied, except for the genus Sapajus (bearded capuchins), which, remarkably and unexpectedly, exhibit characteristics such as memory, cognition, social behavior, and tool use similar to chimpanzees [ 9 , 13 – 28 ] a big brain in relation to their body mass [ 11 , 20 ]; and high motor development [ 29 , 30 ]. Additionally, there is some research on the brain of Saimiri collinsi [ 31 ], Sapajus apella (formerly Cebus apella ) [ 11 , 32 ] and Callithrix sp. [ 33 ], but the studies did not include a detailed comparative anatomy or investigate the correlations with behavior and evolution.…”