Neuropsychological assessment in illiterates: Visuospatial and memory abilities

Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure – copy and immediate recall: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

“…The ROCF copy and immediate recall scores both increased linearly as a function of education in all countries. These findings were extremely consistent within the current study, as well as with previous studies on the ROCF (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989; Berry et al., 1991; Caffarra et al, 2002). Because of potentially substantial differences in the quality of education across different countries in Latin America, it is extremely important to use the specific education-adjusted norms generated for a single country when administering the ROCF to individuals from that country.…”

Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure – copy and immediate recall: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

“…The ROCF copy and immediate recall scores both increased linearly as a function of education in all countries. These findings were extremely consistent within the current study, as well as with previous studies on the ROCF (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989; Berry et al., 1991; Caffarra et al, 2002). Because of potentially substantial differences in the quality of education across different countries in Latin America, it is extremely important to use the specific education-adjusted norms generated for a single country when administering the ROCF to individuals from that country.…”

NEUROPSI: A brief neuropsychological test battery in Spanish with norms by age and educational level

“…This finding has both theoretical and practical implications. Our results agree with several other studies that have shown effects of educational level on neuropsychological test performance (Ardila et al, 1989b(Ardila et al, , 1992Finlayson et al, 1977;Heaton et al, 1986; Ostrosky et al, 1985,1986). Learning opportunities play a crucial role in the development of some abilities frequently included in neuropsychological tests .…”

Digit Span: Effect of education and culture

“…In accordance with previous data (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989;Reis, Guerreiro, García, & Castro-Caldas, 1995), there was a significant literacy effect on the Digit Span task. That is, the literates performed significantly better than the illiterate subjects.…”

Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure – copy and immediate recall: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

“…The ROCF copy and immediate recall scores both increased linearly as a function of education in all countries. These findings were extremely consistent within the current study, as well as with previous studies on the ROCF (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989; Berry et al., 1991; Caffarra et al, 2002). Because of potentially substantial differences in the quality of education across different countries in Latin America, it is extremely important to use the specific education-adjusted norms generated for a single country when administering the ROCF to individuals from that country.…”

NEUROPSI: A brief neuropsychological test battery in Spanish with norms by age and educational level

“…This finding has both theoretical and practical implications. Our results agree with several other studies that have shown effects of educational level on neuropsychological test performance (Ardila et al, 1989b(Ardila et al, , 1992Finlayson et al, 1977;Heaton et al, 1986; Ostrosky et al, 1985,1986). Learning opportunities play a crucial role in the development of some abilities frequently included in neuropsychological tests .…”

Digit Span: Effect of education and culture

“…In accordance with previous data (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989;Reis, Guerreiro, García, & Castro-Caldas, 1995), there was a significant literacy effect on the Digit Span task. That is, the literates performed significantly better than the illiterate subjects.…”

Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure – copy and immediate recall: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

“…The ROCF copy and immediate recall scores both increased linearly as a function of education in all countries. These findings were extremely consistent within the current study, as well as with previous studies on the ROCF (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989; Berry et al., 1991; Caffarra et al, 2002). Because of potentially substantial differences in the quality of education across different countries in Latin America, it is extremely important to use the specific education-adjusted norms generated for a single country when administering the ROCF to individuals from that country.…”

NEUROPSI: A brief neuropsychological test battery in Spanish with norms by age and educational level

“…This finding has both theoretical and practical implications. Our results agree with several other studies that have shown effects of educational level on neuropsychological test performance (Ardila et al, 1989b(Ardila et al, , 1992Finlayson et al, 1977;Heaton et al, 1986; Ostrosky et al, 1985,1986). Learning opportunities play a crucial role in the development of some abilities frequently included in neuropsychological tests .…”

Digit Span: Effect of education and culture

“…In accordance with previous data (Ardila, Rosselli, & Rosas, 1989;Reis, Guerreiro, García, & Castro-Caldas, 1995), there was a significant literacy effect on the Digit Span task. That is, the literates performed significantly better than the illiterate subjects.…”