Neurophysiological evaluation of zidovudine in asymptomatic HIV-1 infection: a longitudinal placebo-controlled study

Baldeweg, Torsten; Riccio, Massimo; Gruzelier, John; Hawkins, David; Burgess, Adrian; Irving, Gillian; Stygall, Janet; Catt, Sue; Catalán, José

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(95)00140-w

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several neuropathological surveys reported a lower incidence of HIV multinucleated giant cell encephalitis in patients treated with zidovudine11-14 with the lowest incidence found after six to 12 months treatment 15. The present study is also in agreement with previous evidence for neuroprotective properties of zidovudine from placebo controlled16 17 and observational cohort studies 10. Its use for treatment of HIV dementia has been supported by clinical findings18 19 and by a placebo controlled study 20…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Risk of HIV dementia and opportunistic brain disease in AIDS and zidovudine therapy

Baldeweg

Catalán

Gazzard³

1998

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-To determine the incidence of HIV dementia and opportunistic brain disease in AIDS relative to the use of licensed antiretoviral medication (zidovudine, zalcitabine, didanosine, and stavudine). Method-Medical records were evaluated retrospectively in a longitudinal cohort of 1109 patients with AIDS during the period 1991-4. Treatment groups were defined by start and duration of zidovudine treatment, the drugs used most often during this period were: (a) no zidovudine, (b) zidovudine before AIDS, (c) zidovudine before and after AIDS, and (d) zidovudine used in AIDS. Main outcome measures were cumulative incidence and survival from AIDS to onset of HIV dementia, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), cerebral toxoplasmosis, and primary CNS lymphoma. Results-Risk of brain disease including HIV dementia and opportunistic brain disease was reduced in patients who started zidovudine before AIDS and continued in AIDS (relative risk (RR) 0.55, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.36-0.84) as well as zidovudine initiated in AIDS (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.17-0.45) compared with untreated subjects. Treatment eVects were not constant over time, decreasing by 14%-32% for each six months of follow up. This was supported by unadjusted incidences across groups stratified by duration of zidovudine use, indicating reduced risk with treatment for up to 18 months but not with longer duration of use of zidovudine. Other antiretroviral drugs had no significant eVect, although these were used by only 14% of patients in this cohort. Conclusion-The time limited but eVective neuroprotection oVered by zidovudine monotherapy for <18 months suggests that non-specific mechanisms of cerebral immunological defence may benefit from antiretroviral treatment. Due to the limitations of a retrospective study these findings require confirmation and further investigation in the context of current combination drug treatments. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998;65:34-41)

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Risk of HIV dementia and opportunistic brain disease in AIDS and zidovudine therapy

Baldeweg

Catalán

Gazzard³

1998

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…По результатам других исследований, было выявлено, что значительно большие значения амплитуды альфа-ритма обнаруживались на ЭЭГ у ВИЧ-положительных лиц на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции, страдающих психическими расстройствами, по сравнению с группой контроля и ВИЧ-инфицированными людьми в бессимптомной стадии ВИЧ-инфекции. По мнению авторов, это может указывать на влияние настроения на фоновую активность на ЭЭГ [13,14].…”

unclassified

Clinical and neurophysiological features of mental disorders in patients with HIV infection

Незнанов

Khalezova

Хобейш

et al. 2019

V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary.Te aim of the study was to study the clinical signifcance of changes in bioelectric activity for the purpose of identifying them as biological markers of mental disorders in patients with HIV infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted to diagnose mental disorders and search for neurophysiological markers in 62 patients with HIV infection at the St. Petersburg Center for the Prevention and Control of HIV and Infectious Diseases.Results: 50% of patients with HIV infection without abuse disorders have mental disorders characterized mainly by adaptive reactions and mild cognitive impairment. Normal indicators of bioelectrical activity were determined in 16.1% of 62 patients. In the majority of patients (59.7%), bioelectrical activity was determined with a predominance of excitation in the medio-diﬀerent areas and a decrease in activity of the cerebral cortex. In 41.9% of patients, the processes of CNS excitation were increased in the form of an intensifcation of the reaction to photostimulation. Neurophysiological diﬀerences were revealed in patients with neurotic and stress-related disorders and organic changes in the CNS. For neurotic disorders in comparison with organic disorders, the EEG was normal or the disorganized type with predominance of alpha and beta activity were more likely, while in the case of organic disorders the desynchronous type of EEG was more ofen noted. Te development of psycho-organic syndrome in HIV patients is confrmed by deep restructuring of bioelectrical activity in the anterior parts of the brain.

show abstract

Die antivirale Kombinationsbehandlung in der Therapie der HlV-assoziierten Enzephalopathie

Evers¹,

Frohne²,

Reichelt³

et al. 2000

HIV-Infekt

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neurophysiological evaluation of zidovudine in asymptomatic HIV-1 infection: a longitudinal placebo-controlled study

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Risk of HIV dementia and opportunistic brain disease in AIDS and zidovudine therapy

Risk of HIV dementia and opportunistic brain disease in AIDS and zidovudine therapy

Clinical and neurophysiological features of mental disorders in patients with HIV infection

Die antivirale Kombinationsbehandlung in der Therapie der HlV-assoziierten Enzephalopathie

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About