Neuropathologic Findings in Short-term Survivors of Intraventricular Hemorrhage

Consequences of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in a Rabbit Pup Model

“…Consistent with the findings in our model, an association between IVH and WM injury in premature infants has been reported by many investigators 21,22. Notably, in one old series of premature infants who died with IVH, periventricular leukomalacia of some degree has been observed in 75% cases 23. The possible mechanisms of underlying WM injury in IVH include: 1) destruction of germinal matrix and periventricular WM, 2) concomitant reperfusion injury of the ischemic region around the area of hemorrhage,243) neutrophil and macrophage infiltration as well as apoptosis of neural cells,13 and 4) post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus 2.…”

Early Prediction of Outcome with aEEG in Preterm Infants with Large Intraventricular Hemorrhages

“…There is support from previous studies that significant ischemia may be present concomitant with an IVH [28]. In 90% of preterm infants dying with IVH, post-mortem examinations showed more extensive brain injury, usually in the white matter, as compared with cranial ultrasound findings [1]. Blood levels of uric acid, the end product of purine metabolism and hence a marker of previous hypoxia-ischemia, have been shown to be predictive of neurological outcome in infants with IVH [23].…”

Tandem insults of prenatal ischemia plus postnatal raised intrathoracic pressure in a novel rat model of encephalopathy of prematurity

“…Intraventricular hemorrhages are commonly ascribed to germinal matrix bleeding, but it has long been recognized that intraventricular hemorrhage also may be due to bleeding of the choroid plexus. 4,43 One important observation to emerge from the tandem insult model described here is that the choroid plexus frequently demonstrated considerable hemorrhage with substantial intraventricular extension, reminiscent of sonographic and autopsy findings in infants with intraventricular hemorrhage. 4,43 …”