Neurologic Complications of Infective Endocarditis

Abstract

Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner surface or endocardium of the heart, in most instances involving the heart valves or the mural portion of the endocardium. As nonbacterial organisms such as rickettsia, fungi, and even viruses may also cause endocarditis, the term "infective endocarditis" is preferred over the older terminology of "bacterial endocarditis." Despite advancements in medical treatment and surgical therapies over the last few decades, infective endocarditis continues to be associated with a poor prognosis. There are many different factors affecting the clinical outcome in patient with infective endocarditis, including the type of organism and its virulence, patient characteristics, comorbid illness, time to diagnosis and treatment, indications for surgery, and time to surgery when indicated. In this article, we will review the epidemiology of endocarditis, the neurologic complications of infective endocarditis, and the current therapeutic strategies.

Unreported neurological complications ofGemella bergeriaeinfective endocarditis

“…These complications may be the presenting manifestation in patients with IE. They include ischaemic events, intracerebral haemorrhage, mycotic aneurysm, meningitis, brain abscess or encephalopathy 29. The best way to reduce the risk of embolic complications in IE is by prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotics.…”

Infective Endocarditis Presenting with Intracranial Bleeding

“…In particular, intracranial bleeding (ICB) accounts for 30% of neurologic complications and has a negative impact on IE prognosis (1,5). Several mechanisms explain the occurrence of ICB in patients with IE (6). We describe 3 cases of IE presenting with different types of ICB.…”

Neurosarcoidose: Relato De Caso Em Paciente Com Rebaixamento Do Sensório Associado a Neuropatia De Nervo Craniano, Cefaleia E Vasculopatia

“…Early cardiac surgery (before the end of the antibiotic treatment) is dictated by valvular competency (OSSORIO et al, 2003) and should also be considered in patients with persistent bacteremia despite appropriate antibiotics, and in those with large (>10mm) left-sided vegetations (CARNEIRO et al, 2019). The aim of the surgical approach should be the removal of infected tissue and improvement of valve function.…”