Neurologic Applications of PET/MR Imaging

Miller‐Thomas, Michelle M.; Benzinger, Tammie L.S.

doi:10.1016/j.mric.2016.12.003

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…In regard to emerging applications and new opportunities that complement the neuroimaging field in PET/MR, we wish to briefly highlight the following review papers. A review of the neurologic applications where the complementary natures of PET and MRI are beneficial in both research and clinics has been provided in Chen et al [14], Chen et al [196], Catana et al [197], Hope et al [198], Miller-Thomas and Benzinger [199]. The clinical applications where PET/MR might clinically excel are brain tumor imaging, epilepsy, stroke, and a number of neurodegenerative conditions, to name a few.…”

Section: Emerging Clinical and Research Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance-Based Attenuation Correction and Scatter Correction in Neurological Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Current Status With Emerging Applications

Teuho

Torrado‐Carvajal

Herzog³

et al. 2020

Front. Phys.

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In this review, we will summarize the past and current state-of-the-art developments in attenuation and scatter correction approaches for hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The current status of the methodological advances for producing accurate attenuation and scatter corrections on PET/MR systems are described, in addition to emerging clinical and research applications. Future prospects and potential applications that benefit from accurate data corrections to improve the quantitative accuracy and clinical applicability of PET/MR are also discussed. Novel clinical and research applications where improved attenuation and scatter correction methods are beneficial are highlighted.

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Section: Emerging Clinical and Research Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance-Based Attenuation Correction and Scatter Correction in Neurological Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Current Status With Emerging Applications

Teuho

Torrado‐Carvajal

Herzog³

et al. 2020

Front. Phys.

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“…Deng et al also observed that 18 F-FDG uptake was higher in the cerebral infarction area among drug treatment groups in a rat model of cerebral ischaemia reperfusion injury evaluated after 7 days [18]. Many previous studies have investigated perfusion and glucose metabolism using separate PET and MR procedures or integrated PET/MR in patients with cancer, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and other disorders [21][22][23]. MR images and PET images can be obtained at different time points and fused for clinical and research purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous PET-MRI imaging of cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism in the symptomatic unilateral internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2019

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and glucose metabolism are important and significant factors in ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. The objective of this study was to use quantitative hybrid PET/MR to evaluate the effects of surgery treatment on the symptomatic unilateral internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease. Methods Fifteen patients diagnosed with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease were evaluated using a hybrid TOF PET/MR system (Signa, GE Healthcare). The CBF value measured by arterial spin labelling (ASL) and the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) measured by 18 F-FDG PET were obtained, except for the infarct area and its contralateral side, before and after bypass surgery. The asymmetry index (AI) was calculated from the CBF and SUVR of the ipsilateral and contralateral cerebral hemispheres, respectively. The ΔCBF and ΔSUVR were calculated as the percent changes of CBF and SUVR between before and after surgery, and paired t tests were used to determine whether a significant change occurred. Spearman's rank correlation was also used to compare CBF with glucose metabolism in the same region. Results The analysis primarily revealed that after bypass surgery, a statistically significant increase occurred in the CBF on the affected side (P < 0.01). The postprocedural SUVR was not significantly higher than the preprocedural SUVR (P > 0.05). However, the postprocedural AI values for CBF and SUVR were significantly lower after surgery than before surgery (P < 0.01). A significant correlation was found between the AI values for preoperative CBF and SUVR on the ipsilateral hemisphere (P < 0.01). Conclusions The present study demonstrates that a combination of ASL and 18 F-FDG PET could be used to simultaneously analyse changes in patients' cerebral haemodynamic patterns and metabolism between before and after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery. This therefore represents an essential tool for the evaluation of critical haemodynamic and metabolic status in patients with symptomatic unilateral ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. Bixiao Cui and Tianhao Zhang contributed equally to this study. This article is part of the Topical Collection on Neurology.

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“…PET/MRI has demonstrated great promise in areas where MRI is the predominant image modality, such as in neurological, cardiac, and soft tissue applications. [7][8][9] By combining the superior soft tissue contrast of MRI with the quantitative information of cellular activity and metabolism provided by PET, the diagnostic accuracy in glioma may likely improve. 10 Amino acid (AA) PET is recommended by current guidelines as a complement to CT or MRI in brain tumor diagnostics, resection, biopsy, treatment planning, and therapy response assessment.…”

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confidence: 99%

18F-FACBC PET/MRI in Diagnostic Assessment and Neurosurgery of Gliomas

Karlberg¹,

Berntsen²,

Johansen

et al. 2019

Clin Nucl Med

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Purpose: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the amino acid tracer 18 F-FACBC with simultaneous PET/MRI in diagnostic assessment and neurosurgery of gliomas. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients with suspected primary or recurrent low-or high-grade glioma received an 18 F-FACBC PET/MRI examination before surgery. PET and MRI were used for diagnostic assessment, and for guiding tumor resection and histopathological tissue sampling. PET uptake, tumor-to-background ratios (TBRs), time-activity curves, as well as PET and MRI tumor volumes were evaluated. The sensitivities of lesion detection and to detect glioma tissue were calculated for PET, MRI, and combined PET/MRI with histopathology (biopsies for final diagnosis and additional image-localized biopsies) as reference. Results: Overall sensitivity for lesion detection was 54.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.4-83.3) for PET, 45.5% (95% CI, 16.7-76.6) for contrast-enhanced MRI (MRI CE), and 100% (95% CI, 71.5-100.0) for combined PET/MRI, with a significant difference between MRI CE and combined PET/MRI (P = 0.031). TBRs increased with tumor grade (P = 0.004) and were stable from 10 minutes post injection. PET tumor volumes enclosed most of the MRI CE volumes (>98%) and were generally larger (1.5-2.8 times) than the MRI CE volumes. Based on image-localized biopsies, combined PET/MRI demonstrated higher concurrence with malignant findings at histopathology (89.5%) than MRI CE (26.3%). Conclusions: Low-versus high-grade glioma differentiation may be possible with 18 F-FACBC using TBR. 18 F-FACBC PET/MRI outperformed MRI CE in lesion detection and in detection of glioma tissue. More research is required to evaluate 18 F-FACBC properties, especially in grade II and III tumors, and for different subtypes of gliomas.

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Neurologic Applications of PET/MR Imaging

Cited by 39 publications

References 109 publications

Magnetic Resonance-Based Attenuation Correction and Scatter Correction in Neurological Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Current Status With Emerging Applications

Magnetic Resonance-Based Attenuation Correction and Scatter Correction in Neurological Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Current Status With Emerging Applications

Simultaneous PET-MRI imaging of cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism in the symptomatic unilateral internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease

18F-FACBC PET/MRI in Diagnostic Assessment and Neurosurgery of Gliomas

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