Neuroimaging of PD, PSP, CBD and MSA—PET and SPECT studies

Shinotoh, Hitoshi

doi:10.1007/s00415-006-3006-6

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In related disorder characterized by neurofibrillary pathology, CBD, Shinotoh et al report asymmetric cortical loss of AChE activity in the fronto-parietal cortex [118f].…”

Section: Cholinergic Functions In Atypical Parkinsonian Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gilman et al found evidence of reduced thalamic [I-123]IBVM binding, indicative of decreased pontine cholinergic projections, in MSA that may be related to symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea [47]. Shinotoh et al reported reduced cerebellar AChE activity in patients with MSA [118]. Gilman et al presented preliminary findings of cerebral AChE functions in different parkinsonian syndromes, including MSA of the parkinsonian type, PSP, PD and DLB [48].…”

Section: Cholinergic Functions In Atypical Parkinsonian Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cholinergic system and Parkinson disease

Bohnen

Albin

2011

Behavioural Brain Research

465

319

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Although Parkinson disease (PD) is viewed traditionally as a motor syndrome secondary to nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation, recent studies emphasize non-motor features. Non-motor comorbidities, such as cognitive impairment, are likely the result of an intricate interplay of multi-system degenerations and neurotransmitter deficiencies extending beyond the loss of dopaminergic nigral neurons. The pathological hallmark of parkinsonian dementia is the presence of extra-nigral Lewy bodies that can be accompanied by other pathologies, such as senile plaques. Lewy first identified the eponymous Lewy body in neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM), the source of cholinergic innervation of the cerebral cortex. Although cholinergic denervation is recognized as a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD), in vivo neuroimaging studies reveal loss of cerebral cholinergic markers in parkinsonian dementia similar to or more severe than in prototypical AD. Imaging studies agree with post-mortem evidence suggesting that basal forebrain cholinergic system degeneration appears early in PD and worsens coincident with the appearance of dementia. Early cholinergic denervation in PD without dementia appears to be heterogeneous and may make specific contributions to the PD clinical phenotype. Apart from well-known cognitive and behavioral deficits, central, in particular limbic, cholinergic denervation may be associated with progressive deficits of odor identification in PD. Recent evidence indicates also that subcortical cholinergic denervation, probably due to degeneration of brainstem pedunculopontine nucleus neurons, may relate to the presence of dopamine non-responsive gait and balance impairments, including falls, in PD.

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“…In related disorder characterized by neurofibrillary pathology, CBD, Shinotoh et al report asymmetric cortical loss of AChE activity in the fronto-parietal cortex [118f].…”

Section: Cholinergic Functions In Atypical Parkinsonian Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cholinergic Functions In Atypical Parkinsonian Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cholinergic system and Parkinson disease

Bohnen

Albin

2011

Behavioural Brain Research

465

319

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“…Functional PET imaging showed decreased metabolic activity in the right thalamus, basal ganglia, frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. This pattern of decreased metabolic activity has been described as typical for CBGD (Blin et al, 1992;Coullier, deVries, & Leenders, 2003;Shinotoh, 2006). Anatomic and functional imaging studies together have been described as useful in making the diagnosis early in the course of the disease when clinical findings are not yet definite and in differentiating CBGD from other neurodegenerative disorders that share clinical characteristics such as PD, PSP, Pick's disease and multiple system atrophy (Arai, 2006;Grisoi et al, 1995;Shinotoh, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neurogenic stuttering in corticobasal ganglionic degeneration: A case report

Silbergleit

Feit

Silbergleit

2009

Journal of Neurolinguistics

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“…Gilman et al found evidence of reduced [I-123]IBVM binding indicative of decreased pontine cholinergic projections in MSA that may be related to symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea in these patients [165]. Recently, Shinotoh reported reduced cerebellar AChE activity in patients with MSA and asymmetric cortical loss of AChE activity in the fronto-parietal cortex in patients with CBD [166].…”

Section: Parkinson Disease and Dementiamentioning

confidence: 97%

Imaging of Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Neurochemical Changes in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Bohnen

Frey

2007

Mol Imaging Biol

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Positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) imaging provides the means to study neurochemical processes in vivo. These methods have been applied to examine monoaminergic and cholinergic changes in neurodegenerative disorders. These investigations have provided important insights into disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The most intensely studied monoaminergic transmitter is dopamine. The extent of presynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation can be quantified in PD and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. Dopaminergic receptor imaging may help to distinguish idiopathic PD from atypical parkinsonian disorders. Cholinergic denervation has been identified not only in AD but also in PD and more severely in parkinsonian dementia. PET or SPECT can also provide biomarkers to follow progression of disease or evaluate the effects of therapeutic interventions. Cholinergic receptor imaging is expected to play a major role in new drug development for dementing disorders.

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Neuroimaging of PD, PSP, CBD and MSA—PET and SPECT studies

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

The cholinergic system and Parkinson disease

The cholinergic system and Parkinson disease

Neurogenic stuttering in corticobasal ganglionic degeneration: A case report

Imaging of Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Neurochemical Changes in Neurodegenerative Disorders

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