Neuroactive steroids and seizure susceptibility

Beyenburg, Stefan; Stoffel‐Wagner, Birgit; Bauer, Jürgen; Watzka, Matthias; Blümcke, Ingmar; Bidlingmaier, F.; Elger, Christian E.

doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(01)00194-2

Cited by 101 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 102 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, estradiol is known to inhibit GABA and to promote kindling (39) and the occurrence of seizures in both experimental and clinical settings (40). In contrast, progesterone reduces neuronal metabolism, suppresses kindling and epileptiform discharges, and decreases the occurrence of seizures (2,(40)(41)(42). Thus progesterone that is secreted mainly from the corpus luteum may play a role in increased CST in diestrus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The persistence of sex differences in response to both anti-and proconvulsant properties of morphine, after removing circulating sex hormones, is in contrast to the reported elimination of the sex differences in opioid antinociception by gonadectomy (16,29,62, but also see 15). Two distinct mechanisms have been suggested for mediation of sex differences by sex hormones: a fast, receptor-mediated activational effect and a slow genomic-related organizational effect (2,24). These data suggest that the sex differences in the seizure-modulating effects of morphine may be subject to both kinds of effects, as evidenced by the dependence of diestrus response on cycling sex hormones (activational effect) and the persistence of sex difference between males and females after ovariectomy (organizational effect).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex and Estrus Cycle Differences in the Modulatory Effects of Morphine on Seizure Susceptibility in Mice

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary:Purpose: To evaluate the effects of sex and estrus cycle on biphasic anticonvulsant and proconvulsant modulation of seizure threshold by morphine.Methods: The threshold for the clonic seizures (CST) induced by acute intravenous administration of γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA)-antagonist pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) was assessed in male and female mice. Estrus cycle was assessed by vaginal smears. The effect of removing circulating sex hormones was assessed by gonadectomy.Results: At baseline, diestrus females had a higher CST compared with males and estrus females. Morphine at lower doses (0.5-3 mg/kg) had a significant anticonvulsant effect in males and estrus females compared with that in vehicle-treated controls, whereas female mice in diestrus phase showed a relative subsensitivity to this effect. Morphine at higher doses (30 and 60 mg/kg) significantly decreased CST in males and diestrus females, with less relative effect in estrus mice. In both phases, morphine exerted stronger effects in males compared with females. Ovariectomy brought the baseline CST to the male level and resulted in significant expression of both phases of morphine effect but did not abolish the sex difference in responsiveness to morphine.Conclusions: The biphasic modulation of seizure threshold is subject to both constitutive sex differences in sensitivity to morphine and hormonal fluctuations during the estrus cycle.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and Estrus Cycle Differences in the Modulatory Effects of Morphine on Seizure Susceptibility in Mice

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…93 Experimental studies in animal models confirm these clinical findings. [129][130][131][132][133][134][135] Such observations form the basis for hormone treatment of epilepsy. Progesterone is used to treat women with catamenial epilepsy.…”

Section: Epilepsy and Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and the injured brain

Herson

Hurn

2010

Sex Differences in the Human Brain, Their Underpinnings and Implications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Estrogen administration appears to increase CRH mRNA in female rhesus monkeys who had undergone ovariectomy (Roy et al, 1999), and appears to be able to directly regulate human CRH gene expression (Vamvakopoulos and Chrousos, 1993) and regulate HPA axis activity in response to stress (Carey et al, 1995), indicating ovarian steroid regulation of stress-induced neuroendocrine responses. There is also evidence that sex steroid hormones influence GABA A receptor activity through allosteric modulation (Beyenburg et al, 2001). Progesterone levels and associated steroid derivatives appear to decline precipitously after menopause, with levels falling to less than 30% of premenopausal levels (Goldfien and Monroe, 1983).…”

Section: Potential Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Administration Negatively Alters Mood Following Monoaminergic Depletion and Psychosocial Stress in Postmenopausal Women

Newhouse

Dumas

Hancur-Bucci

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differences in the rates of affective disorders between women and men may relate to gender differences in gonadal steroid levels such as estrogen that have effects on brain monoamines important to mood regulation. Changes in estrogen secretion patterns during the perimenopause and menopause may be relevant to the increased risk for affective symptoms at that time. This study examined whether 17b-estradiol (E2) administration can modify the mood effects of experimental psychosocial stress following acute monoamine depletion in postmenopausal women. Subjects consisted of 15 normal postmenopausal women (PMW) (ages 67.1711.2 years) blindly placed on either oral placebo or E2 (1 mg/day for 1 month, then 2 mg/day for 2 months). At the end of the 3-month treatment phase, subjects participated in three blinded depletion challenges in which they ingested each of three amino-acid mixtures: deficient in tryptophan, deficient in phenylalanine/tyrosine, or nutritionally balanced. After 5 h, subjects performed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), followed by mood and anxiety ratings. E2-treated subjects exhibited a significant increase in negative mood and anxiety after the TSST compared to placebo-treated women. These effects were independent of monoamine depletion and were not manifest before the TSST or at baseline. Exogenous estrogen administration in PMW may alter or modulate emotional reactivity to stressful events and may alter the sensitivity of emotional regulation. This modulation appears to be independent of alterations in monoaminergic neurotransmission. The dose of estrogen used after menopause may be important in determining the effects of gonadal steroids on emotional regulation.

show abstract

Neuroactive steroids and seizure susceptibility

Cited by 101 publications

References 102 publications

Sex and Estrus Cycle Differences in the Modulatory Effects of Morphine on Seizure Susceptibility in Mice

Sex and Estrus Cycle Differences in the Modulatory Effects of Morphine on Seizure Susceptibility in Mice

Gender and the injured brain

Estrogen Administration Negatively Alters Mood Following Monoaminergic Depletion and Psychosocial Stress in Postmenopausal Women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About