Neural stem cells: mechanisms and modeling

Yao, Jun; Mu, Yangling; Gage, Fred H.

doi:10.1007/s13238-012-2033-6

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Understanding the cellular and molecular factors that orchestrate progenitor cell function is critically important for developing strategies that maintain CNS function and for promoting tissue repair after injury (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone marrow drives central nervous system regeneration after radiation injury

Dietrich

Baryawno

Nayyar

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone marrow drives central nervous system regeneration after radiation injury

Dietrich

Baryawno

Nayyar

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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“…Chains of neuroblasts migrate in streams along a well-defined pathway to the olfactory bulb, known as the rostral migratory stream (RMS). Once in the olfactory bulb, the neuroblasts migrate in a radial fashion and differentiate into several types of interneurons, integrating with the granule cell and periglomerular layers (Luskin, 1993; reviewed by Yao et al, 2012;Ming and Song, 2011). These adult-born neurons maintain the structural integrity of the olfactory bulb and contribute to olfactory memory, olfactory fear-conditioning and pheromonelinked behaviour (Ming and Song, 2011;Lazarini and Lledo, 2011).…”

Section: The Subventricular Zone (Svz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing stem and progenitor cells: implications for rejuvenation of the central nervous system

Wijngaarden

Franklin

2013

Development

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SummaryThe growing burden of the rapidly ageing global population has reinvigorated interest in the science of ageing and rejuvenation. Among organ systems, rejuvenation of the central nervous system (CNS) is arguably the most complex and challenging of tasks owing, among other things, to its startling structural and functional complexity and its restricted capacity for repair. Thus, the prospect of meaningful rejuvenation of the CNS has seemed an impossible goal; however, advances in stem cell science are beginning to challenge this assumption. This Review outlines these advances with a focus on ageing and rejuvenation of key endogenous stem and progenitor cell compartments in the CNS. Insights gleaned from studies of model organisms, chiefly rodents, will be considered in parallel with human studies. Key words: CNS rejuvenation, CNS stem cells, DiseaseIntroduction: the burden of ageing and agerelated CNS disease "But age, with his stealing steps, hath claw'd me in his clutch"Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 5, Scene 1 (graveyard scene)According to a recent report by the United Nations Population Fund, the number of people in the world aged 60 or above is projected to increase from 810 million in 2012 to a staggering 2 billion by 2050 (UNFPA Report, 2012). Ageing is a leading risk factor for the major causes of chronic disease and disability, and health care expenditure increases significantly with advancing age (Meerding et al., 1998; Alemayehu and Warner, 2004). Accordingly, there is a compelling socioeconomic imperative for interventions to prevent or reverse age-related CNS disease. One such approach centres on harnessing the regenerative potential of endogenous stem cell populations to rejuvenate the ageing CNS. This Review will provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of stem cell ageing and the implications of ageing on CNS rejuvenation. Interventions centred on the transplantation of exogenous progenitor cells are beyond the scope of this work and have been reviewed elsewhere (Marr et al., 2010;Dunnett and Rosser, 2011). CNS stem and progenitor cells: significant players in CNS function?The discovery that the adult mammalian CNS contains populations of stem cells that contribute to CNS function took decades to gain traction (Altman and Das, 1965; Altman, 1969; Kaplan and Hinds, 1977; Lois and Alvarez-Buylla, 1994; Kirschenbaum et al., 1994;Eriksson et al., 1998). Neurogenic stem cells are principally concentrated in two spatially and functionally distinct zones in the human brain: the subventricular zone (SVZ), lining the walls of the lateral ventricles; and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyri (Fig. 1). The cellular, architectural and signalling milieus of these zones, or niches, are specialised to support stem cell function (Marr et al., 2010), in contrast to the relatively inhospitable microenvironment of the remainder of the brain. A third population of progenitor cells, known as oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), are diffusely distributed in the brain and spinal c...

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“…НСК наявні у вентрикулярній зоні, стріатумі та корі ембріонального мозку. Нейральні прогеніторні клітини наявні у по-стнатальному мозку людини та ссавців, зав-дяки їм може здійснюватися оновлення / або відновлення тканин і органів, проте кількість зон мозку, в яких відбувається регенерація нейронів, є лімітованою [1][2][3]64].…”

Section: (рисунок)unclassified