Neural Basis of Two Kinds of Social Influence: Obedience and Conformity

Xie, Ying; Chen, Mingliang; Lai, Hongxia; Zhang, Wuke; Zhao, Zhen; Anwar, Ch. Mahmood

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00051

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The social influence from parent were significantly related to the most preferred snack and beverage choice of snack of the athletes. This results indicate that the learned and practised eating habits developed since young, due to their obedience to the parent's requirement (Xie et al 2016), still has its effects as the athletes enter adolescent. Apart from Poczwardowski (2002) theorized that the athlete-coach relationship provided a channel in which influence can be realized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…An example of the compliance in the field of sports nutrition is the compliance of the athletes towards the request of their sports dietitians/ nutritionists and medical officer. Social conformity is the change of one's attitude, beliefs or behaviours to match group norms that are implicitly or explicitly shared by a group of individuals (Xie et al 2016;Cialdini et al 2004;Asch 1951). Friends or peers' influence is a good example of this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Nail et al 2000). Coach (Poczwardowski 2002) and parent (Xie et al 2016) are categorized under this social influence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Multimedia Influence on Endurance Athletes’ Preferred Snack Choices

Tsin

Safii

2017

JSKM

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Snacks are required for athletes to fuel their higher demand of energy. Meanwhile, social influences and multimedia can affect the athletes' choices of snacks. Social influences are divided into three categories: Compliance (sports dietitian/ nutritionist & medical officer), Conformity (friend) and Obedience (parent & coach), while multimedia refers to internet, magazines and newspaper. The objective of this study was to investigate the different sources of social influence and multimedia on athletes' preferred snacks. Out of 26 snack choices, 3 most preferred snacks were chosen by 69 endurance athletes from the National Sports Institute (NSI) through a questionnaire. They are Popiah & Mixed Fruit Jelly, Chicken Salad and Egg & Cheese Sandwich. Out of the 6 choices of beverages, the top 3 preferred beverages were sports drinks, orange smoothie and apple smoothie. Social influence from parent (p = 0.041) has significant effect on the athlete's most preferred snack choice, followed by influence from dietitian (p = 0.02) on their second preferred snack choice and lastly internet (p = 0.024), has its effect on the third preferred snack. Other social influences such as friends, medical officer and coach show no significance effect on the preferred snack choices. The parent factor also has significant effect on the most preferred beverage choices with p = 0.043. To conclude, parent influence is strongly related to both snack and beverage choices of the athletes, followed by dietitian and internet on the athlete's preferred snack choices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Multimedia Influence on Endurance Athletes’ Preferred Snack Choices

Tsin

Safii

2017

JSKM

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“…Although in many instances conformity and obedience are functional, in these experiments and in some instances in real life, conformity and obedience can become dysfunctional and even harmful. A review by Cialdini and Goldstein (2004 , p. 61) argued that people are in general “motivated to form accurate perceptions of reality and react accordingly, to develop and preserve meaningful social relationships, and to maintain a favorable self-concept.” In general, compared to conformity, obedience seems to induce greater cognitive conflict ( Xie et al, 2016 ). Social influence theory postulates that attitudes, beliefs and action are influenced through the processes of compliance, identification and internalization ( Kelman, 1958 ).…”

Section: Agnotology Induced Conformity Obedience and Cognitive Dissomentioning

confidence: 99%

For the Greater Good? The Devastating Ripple Effects of the Covid-19 Crisis

Schippers

2020

Front. Psychol.

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As the crisis around Covid-19 evolves, it becomes clear that there are numerous negative side-effects of the lockdown strategies implemented by many countries. Currently, more evidence becomes available that the lockdowns may have more negative effects than positive effects. For instance, many measures taken in a lockdown aimed at protecting human life may compromise the immune system, and purpose in life, especially of vulnerable groups. This leads to the paradoxical situation of compromising the immune system and physical and mental health of many people, including the ones we aim to protect. Also, it is expected that hundreds of millions of people will die from hunger and postponed medical treatments. Other side effects include financial insecurity of billions of people, physical and mental health problems, and increased inequalities. The economic and health repercussions of the crisis will be falling disproportionately on young workers, low-income families and women, and thus exacerbate existing inequalities. As the virus outbreak and media coverage spread fear and anxiety, superstition, cognitive dissonance reduction and conspiracy theories are ways to find meaning and reduce anxiety. These behavioral aspects may play a role in the continuance of lockdown decisions. Based on theories regarding agnotology (i.e., the ways ignorance or doubt about certain topics is created by means of withholding or presenting information in a certain way), social influence, superstition and stress and coping, I seek to explain the social and behavioral aspects of human behavior in times of crises. Both the Covid-19 crisis itself as well as the resulting economic and (mental) health crisis are global problems that may require global solutions. I present a model of drivers and outcomes of lockdown behaviors and offer suggestions and a tool to counteract the negative psychological effects by means of online life crafting therapeutic writing interventions.

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“…When understanding the outcomes and effects of influence, captology only considered compliance of the agent as the result. Xie et al [20] expanded on the outcomes of social influence by including obedience and conformity. These terms were drawn from the work of Cialdini in 2004 [21].…”

Section: A Computer Propagated Influencementioning

confidence: 99%