Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy Associated With Exposure to Gadolinium-Containing Contrast Agents—St. Louis, Missouri, 2002-2006

Probing the dynamic behaviour and magnetic identification of seven coordinated Mn( ii ) complexes: a combined AIMD and multi-reference approach

“…In a similar way, a decrease in the kinetic electron energy density (G bcp ) at the corresponding bcp is related to a lower electron density at that point. 101 This is supported by NPA charge analysis, 12,13,102,103 which shows that the positive charge on the Mn atom and negative charge on the O, S, and Se atoms decrease with increased covalency down the group. The NPA charge analysis, as shown in Table S30 (ESI†), reaffirms this trend of covalency.…”

Gadolinium Complex with Tris-Hydroxypyridinone as an Input for New Imaging Probes: Thermodynamic Stability, Molecular Modeling and Biodistribution

“…Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are commonly used in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while the radioisotopes of gallium, Ga-67 and Ga-68, are mainly used in nuclear medicine as imaging agents. Nevertheless, we have decided to carry out this study considering the importance of the biodistribution and clearance profiles of Gd contrast agents to assess their potential as imaging probes, especially due to the known risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) associated with GBCAs [ 4 ]. Similar approaches have been recently reported [ 38 ], in which a complex of DTPA with 86 Y, a radionuclide used for positron emission tomography (PET), was used to evaluate the biodistribution and clearance in rats as a surrogate of the corresponding Gd complex, otherwise with prospects for multimodality molecular imaging.…”

“…Despite all the advantages of GBCAs, it is also crucial to take into consideration that gadolinium is very toxic as a free ion, due to its recent association with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (a rare but potentially fatal outcome for some patients with renal failure) [ 4 , 5 ]. Thus, for clinical applications, a key aspect of the Gd(III) complexes used as CAs must be their high thermodynamic stability [ 6 ] as well as kinetic inertness.…”

Expanding the Family of Monosubstituted 15-Membered Pyridine-Based Macrocyclic Ligands for Mn(II) Complexation in the Context of MRI

“…As a consequence, today the use of contrast agents is not allowed for kidney-impaired patients. 5 , 6 It has been also shown that repeated intravenous administration of MRI CAs may lead to a risk of brain or bone deposition of gadolinium. 7 Lately, concerns are also raising about the ecological impact of Gd-based MRI agents, which become detectable in natural waters around the world.…”