Nephrectomy. A Clinicopathological Study

Abstract

Background: To provide the urologist with the proper histopathological diagnosis of nephrectomy specimens, to correlate the compatibilty of clinical diagnosis and indications of nephrectomy with histopathological results and to see the relative frequency of each type and its specific pathologic characters. The study was conducted at Azadi teaching hospital and in the department of pathology, college of medicine, university of Duhok during a period from (Nov 2012-Nov 2014). A total 161 nephrectomy specimens were examined grossly. Representative blocks were taken for histopathological examination. 76 patients (47.2%) of the patients were males, (85) 52.8% were females, with male: female ratio of 1:1.08. The mean age was 35.6 years. The histological examinations revealed in descending order 62.65% were inflammatory conditions (including chronic pyelonephritis, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and tuberculous pyelonephritis). Adult type malignant conditions were found in 26% of the total cases (including renal cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma). Only one case was lymphoma and other metastatic carcinoma. 9.8 % were cystic lesions of the kidney, 4.96 % were pediatric tumors (including nephroblastoma only), 2.48% was angiomyolipoma. The study concludes a wide range of renal pathology in this locality, histopathological examination for every nephrectomy specimen is the corner stone for a clinico-morphological correlation and proper management. The chronic pyelonephritis is the most and frequent pathologic indication for nephrectomy irrespective of age or sex. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is seen in age below 25 years and was usually associated with nephrolithiasis. Renal cell carcinoma is the most common kidney cancer in adults affects mainly males followed by transitional cell carcinoma and Nephroblastoma which is the main type of malignant tumors of the kidney in children. Secondary in the kidney, SCC and lymphoma are rare tumors.

Histopathology of nephrectomy specimens: A ten year south Indian tertiary hospital based study

“…The incidence of oncocytoma in this study was similar to that reported by Vikram Narang et al 2 Incidence of angiomyolipoma was slightly lower than that reported in Abdulghafoor study. 9 Non Neoplastic Diseases: In the present study, the most common indication for nephrectomy was Chronic pyelonephritis similar to Aiman et al, 8 Shaila et al, 12 Popat et al 13 and Abdulghafoor et al 9 There was a slight female predominance similar to Abdulghafoor et al 9 study. Majority of cases were noted in 41-60 age range in contrats to Suryawanshi et al 1 study where majority of cases were in 21-40 age range.…”

“…In the present study among the 177 nephrectomy specimens, 36.2% cases were neoplastic conditions and rest 63.8% were non neoplastic conditions. Thus non neoplastic conditions comprised the majority of cases requiring nephrectomy similar to studies done by Ghalayani et al 6 (70.44%), Rafique et al 7 (76.6%), Aiffa Aiman et al 8 (77.2%), Abdulghafoor S et al 9 (72.6%) and Kishor H. Suryawanshi et al 1 (75.76%). However a higher incidence of neoplastic lesions of 52.9% and 58.46% were reported in studies done by Vikram Narang et al 2 and Swarnlata Ajmera et al 10 respectively.…”

“…Benign tumours of the kidney are rarely found in nephrectomy specimens but are common in post mortem examination and as an incidental finding in imaging study during life. 9 Among the benign tumours of kidney there were 3 cases (1.69%) of oncocytoma and angiomyolipoma each. The incidence of oncocytoma in this study was similar to that reported by Vikram Narang et al 2 Incidence of angiomyolipoma was slightly lower than that reported in Abdulghafoor study.…”

A Histopathological Study of Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of Kidney for a Period of Two Years

“…8 14 cases were seen in males and 20 cases were seen in females giving a male:female ratio of 1:1.4. Female predominance was also seen in Aiman et al 7 (1:2.8), Abdulghfoor et al 9 (1:1.1), Rafique 10 (1:1.5).…”

“…One case of anaplastic carcinoma (8.3%) ( Figure 7) and one case of high-grade transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis (8.3%) ( Figure 7) were encountered ( Table 6). All cases of Wilms tumours ( Figure 8,9) were in patients below the age of 5 years (Table 5).…”