Neopterin as a marker for activated cell-mediated immunity: Application in HIV infection

Fuchs, Dietmar; Hausen, Arno; Reibnegger, Gilbert; Werner, Ernst R.; Dierich, Manfred P.; Wächter, Helmut

doi:10.1016/0167-5699(88)91203-0

Cited by 538 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

256

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study, there was a significant correlation between neopterin concentrations and BMI and also between neopterin and glucose concentrations. But TNF-a alone is unable to induce neopterin production by human monocytes / macrophages [4], at most it may enhance a basic neopterin production by human monocytes / macrophages upon stimulation by IFN-g, a typical Th1-cytokine [5,6,9]. As shown in various diseases, concentrations of soluble TNF-a receptors correlate strongly with neopterin concentrations in serum [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon stimulation by interferon-g (IFN-g), a typical Th1-cytokine [4], preferentially human monocytes / macrophages produce and release large amounts of neopterin [5,6], 6-D-erythro-19,29,39-trihydroxypropylpterin, which is synthesised from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by GTP-cyclohydrolase I (EC 3.5.4.16). In humans, elevations of neopterin in serum and urine have been found in viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus type 1, various malignant disorders, autoimmune diseases and during allograft rejection episodes [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, elevations of neopterin in serum and urine have been found in viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus type 1, various malignant disorders, autoimmune diseases and during allograft rejection episodes [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Significant associations between enhanced neopterin and IFN-g production have been obtained also in patients [11], and monitoring of neopterin concentrations has turned out to be a sensitive and useful marker to estimate the activation of Th1-cells [6]. A link of neopterin to the TNF system was found in various diseases, when concentrations of soluble TNF-a receptors correlated strongly with neopterin concentrations in serum or urine [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Association between insulin resistance, body mass and neopterin concentrations

Ledochowski

Murr

Widner

et al. 1999

Clinica Chimica Acta

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association between insulin resistance, body mass and neopterin concentrations

Ledochowski

Murr

Widner

et al. 1999

Clinica Chimica Acta

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In human monocytes/macrophages, γ-interferon is the most Neopterin has been widely used as a sensitive in vivo potent inducer of the enzyme (2), while tumour necrosis indicator of the activation state of the cellular immune factor-α and lipopolysaccharide potentiate the effects of system in a broad variety of diseases, all of which are γ-interferon (3). Human monocytes/macrophages differ characterized by involvement of activation of T lymphofrom other human and particularly murine cells (includ-cytes and production of γ-interferon and hence, activaing murine macrophages) in that they produce by far the tion of monocytes/macrophages (4)(5)(6). In a variety of highest amounts of neopterin after induction, whereas malignant diseases, neopterin concentrations in serum all other cells synthesize equal or higher amounts of and excretion in urine have been found to be signifibiopterin derivatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Value of Urinary Neopterin in Patients with Lung Cancer

Kronberger

Weiss²,

Tschmelitsch³

et al. 1995

CCLM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary:Concentrations of neopterin, which is produced by human monocytes/macrophages when stimulated by γ-interferon, were measured in urine specimens from 72 patients with lung cancer at diagnosis. Other routine clinical and laboratory variables were concomitantly determined. Neither neopterin nor any other laboratory variable studied showed a significant correlation with clinical indicators of the disease (morphologic type, tumour stage, grading, lymph node status, presence of distant metastases). The cancer patients were followed up for up to 10 years, and the abilities of all variables to predict fatal outcome were assessed. In univariate survival analyses, all clinical indicators except morphologic type (P = 0.86) were significant predictors of survival (P < 0.002), but of all the laboratory variables studied, only neopterin was significantly predictive (P = 0.0013). By multivariate survival analysis, a combination of four variables was found to jointly predict survival: lymph node status (P = 0.003, multivariate model), tumour stage (P = 0.0006), grading (P = 0.0047) and neopterin (P = 0.0047). The data suggest that certain aspects of immune activation may have adverse consequences for the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.

show abstract

“…is produced by macrophages upon stimulation with interferongamma (IFN-7) [13.14]. Viral, bacterial and parasitic infections are often associated with enhanced levels of neopterin, which can be used as a marker of macrophage and T cell activation [15,16]. Increased levels of neopterin in serum and urine have been correlated with disease progression in HlV-l-infeeted subjects from Europe and North America [17.18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raised levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and neopterin, but not interferon-alpha, in serum of HIV-1-infected patients from Ethiopia

Ayehunie

Sönnerborg²,

Yemane-Berhan

et al. 1993

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). neopterin and interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α) were determined by immunoradiometric assays in 60 HIV‐1+and 20 HIV‐1− subjects from Ethiopia. Swedish samples were used as reference material. The Ethiopian HIV‐1‘ subjects were found to have significantly increased TNF‐α and neopterin, but not IFN‐α levels. Increased levels of TNF‐α and neopterin were frequently found in Ethiopian asymptomatic subjects (37% and 41%). and the concentration increased in patients with AIDS (83% and 90% respectively). The levels of the two substances and the proportion of patients with higher TNF‐α values were lower in the corresponding Swedish subjects. The proportion of sera with raised levels of I FN‐α was very low (asymptomatic 4%, and AIDS 7%) in Ethiopian subjects. These results suggest a very early increase in the TNF‐α production and activation of the cellular immune response, and a low level of IFN‐α synthesis in the natural course of HIV infection in Ethiopia. The aberrations may contribute to a rapid progress of immunodeficiency and cachexia often seen in Ethiopian patients.

show abstract

Neopterin as a marker for activated cell-mediated immunity: Application in HIV infection

Cited by 538 publications

References 55 publications

Association between insulin resistance, body mass and neopterin concentrations

Association between insulin resistance, body mass and neopterin concentrations

Predictive Value of Urinary Neopterin in Patients with Lung Cancer

Raised levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and neopterin, but not interferon-alpha, in serum of HIV-1-infected patients from Ethiopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About