Neonatal seizures and white matter injury: Role of rotavirus infection and probiotics

Yeom, Jung Sook; Park, Ji Sook; Kim, Youngsoo; Kim, Rock Bum; Choi, Dae-Sup; Chung, Joonho; Han, Tae-Hee; Seo, Ji‐Hyun; Park, Eun Sil; Lim, Jae‐Young; Woo, Hyang‐Ok; Youn, Hee‐Shang; Park, Chan-Hoo

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2018.07.001

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Importantly, potential direct neurotoxic effects of the antibiotics themselves or proepileptogenic effects of the underlying disease (e.g., infection) that is treated might rather be involved. Furthermore, some studies found a positive effect of probiotics in epilepsy (Gomez-Eguilaz et al, 2018;Yeom et al, 2019).…”

Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

Vendrik

Ooijevaar

Jong

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

259

174

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Conclusions: Preliminary literature suggests that FMT may be a promising treatment option for several neurological disorders. However, available evidence is still scanty and some contrasting results were observed. A limited number of studies in humans have been performed or are ongoing, while for some disorders only animal experiments have been conducted. Large double-blinded randomized controlled trials are needed to further elucidate the effect of FMT in neurological disorders.

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Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Disease Symptoms And Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

Vendrik

Ooijevaar

Jong

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

259

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In this regard, some studies in humans have reported encouraging results. One study showed that administration of probiotics ( Saccharomyces boulardii or Lactobacillus casei ) on neonates affected by rotavirus was associated with a 10-fold decreased risk for seizures as compared to non-treated infected controls [ 83 ]. The authors proposed that S. boulardii reduces seizures through inhibition of rotavirus structural protein 4, a viral enterotoxin that increases reactive oxygen species and white matter injury, or through suppressing the inflammatory response overall.…”

Section: External Agents Modifying Microbiota In Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidences for a Role of Gut Microbiota in Pathogenesis and Management of Epilepsy

Amlerová

Šroubek

Angelucci

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Epilepsy as a chronic neurological disorder is characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic seizures. In about half of the people who suffer from epilepsy, the root cause of the disorder is unknown. In the other cases, different factors can cause the onset of epilepsy. In recent years, the role of gut microbiota has been recognized in many neurological disorders, including epilepsy. These data are based on studies of the gut microbiota–brain axis, a relationship starting by a dysbiosis followed by an alteration of brain functions. Interestingly, epileptic patients may show signs of dysbiosis, therefore the normalization of the gut microbiota may lead to improvement of epilepsy and to greater efficacy of anticonvulsant drugs. In this descriptive review, we analyze the evidences for the role of gut microbiota in epilepsy and hypothesize a mechanism of action of these microorganisms in the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease. Human studies revealed an increased prevalence of Firmicutes in patients with refractory epilepsy. Exposure to various compounds can change microbiota composition, decreasing or exacerbating epileptic seizures. These include antibiotics, epileptic drugs, probiotics and ketogenic diet. Finally, we hypothesize that physical activity may play a role in epilepsy through the modulation of the gut microbiota.

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“…Additionally, a prospective study in the pediatric population reported a relationship between rotavirus infections and neonatal seizures. This study also described a significantly close association between probiotic administration after birth and reduction of rotavirus-associated neonatal seizures (177). Furthermore, a recent study also described how gut microbiota transfer by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in rats was able to modulate the risk of seizure, supporting gut microbiota causality (178).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Diet and Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 67%

Towards Tailored Gut Microbiome-Based and Dietary Interventions for Promoting the Development and Maintenance of a Healthy Brain

et al. 2021

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Mental health is determined by a complex interplay between the Neurological Exposome and the Human Genome. Multiple genetic and non-genetic (exposome) factors interact early in life, modulating the risk of developing the most common complex neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with potential long-term consequences on health. To date, the understating of the precise etiology underpinning these neurological alterations, and their clinical management pose a challenge. The crucial role played by diet and gut microbiota in brain development and functioning would indicate that modulating the gut-brain axis may help protect against the onset and progression of mental-health disorders. Some nutritional deficiencies and gut microbiota alterations have been linked to NDDs, suggesting their potential pathogenic implications. In addition, certain dietary interventions have emerged as promising alternatives or adjuvant strategies for improving the management of particular NDDs, at least in particular subsets of subjects. The gut microbiota can be a key to mediating the effects of other exposome factors such as diet on mental health, and ongoing research in Psychiatry and Neuropediatrics is developing Precision Nutrition Models to classify subjects according to a diet response prediction based on specific individual features, including microbiome signatures. Here, we review current scientific evidence for the impact of early life environmental factors, including diet, on gut microbiota and neuro-development, emphasizing the potential long-term consequences on health; and also summarize the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying diet and gut microbiota influence on the brain–gut axis. Furthermore, we describe the evidence supporting the key role played by gut microbiota, diet and nutrition in neurodevelopment, as well as the effectiveness of certain dietary and microbiome-based interventions aimed at preventing or treating NDDs. Finally, we emphasize the need for further research to gain greater insight into the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiome and brain development. Such knowledge would help towards achieving tailored integrative treatments, including personalized nutrition.

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Neonatal seizures and white matter injury: Role of rotavirus infection and probiotics

Cited by 42 publications

References 33 publications

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

Evidences for a Role of Gut Microbiota in Pathogenesis and Management of Epilepsy

Towards Tailored Gut Microbiome-Based and Dietary Interventions for Promoting the Development and Maintenance of a Healthy Brain

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