Nelson Johnson and American Policy toward China, 1925-1928

They Need a Few Beatings and a Bit of Kicking Around and Then You Couldn't Beat Them: Canadian Diplomats Judge Australia and Australians, 1939–19451

“…Possessing not only a "great liking for Australia" but also "rather excessively optimistic views regarding the future of the Commonwealth," 60 Johnson also had cast a harsh eye upon Australians. A conservative supporter of free enterprise and big business-although he had seen the need for Russia's Bolshevik Revolution and advocated regulating renegade corporations-and utterly imbued with the unrelenting belief that a "pioneer spirit" had made America great, 61 Johnson was convinced that Australia's economic development had been hamstrung by "implacable hostility between labor and employer." Thus, wartime Australia had only just reached the level of political and social development which had existed in America at the beginning of the nineteenth century.…”