Neck circumference as a marker of obesity and a predictor of cardiometabolic risk among Saudi subjects

Alfadhli, Eman; Sandokji, Alaa; Zahid, Basma; Makkawi, Mohammed; Alshenaifi, Reem; Thani, Tafani S.; Habeeb, Hanan

doi:10.15537/smj.2017.12.20926

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Recently, there is a growing interest in the utility of neck circumference (NC) in identifying people with obesity. This new index of upper body adiposity is easy to determine, does not require much body exposure, and was found to correlate with other obesity indices and body fat [10][11][12][13][14]. In the Framingham Heart Study, NC was found to be positively associated with BMI, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and other cardiovascular disease risk factors [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Positive association of neck circumference and cardio-metabolic risk factors in Ekiti, Nigeria

Raimi¹,

Dada²,

Solanke³

2018

Journal of Surgery and Medicine

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Aim: The association between neck circumference (NC) and cardiometabolic risk factors in Southwest Nigeria is unknown. The study aimed at determining the relationship between NC and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: Result of a cross-sectional health survey involving residents of Ado-Ekiti/Ika community in Ekiti State was analyzed. Clinical measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), neck circumference, systolic/diastolic blood pressures (SBP & DBP) were taken, and random blood glucose (RBG) determined. Bivariate correlations and linear regression models were computed for each sex. Results: There were 211 participants out of which 78 (37.0%) were men. Among men, NC was significantly correlated with weight (r=0.412, p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.362, p<0.01). Among women, NC correlated with weight (r=0.319, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.228, p<0.01), WC (r=0.238, p<0.01), SBP (r=0.444, p<0.001), DBP (r=0.423, p<0.05), and RBG (r=0.203, p<0.05). NC independently predicted SBP, ORs (95%CI), 2.707 (1.468-3.946) and DBP, ORs (95%CI), 1.780 (0.950-2.611) in women, but not in men. While only the NC of men with general obesity was greater than those who do not have, 39.27(5.68)cm vs 36.96(3.46)cm, p=0.04, the NC of women who were obese or had hypertension were significantly greater than those who were not: general obesity, 33.17(2.58)cm vs 31.57(3.08cm), p=0.002; central obesity, 32.88(2.99)cm vs 31.09(2.62)cm, p<0.001; hypertension, 34.39(2.77)cm vs 31.88(2.88)cm, p=0.001). Compared with those in the upper tertile, men with NC in the middle tertile had lower mean weight [60.82 (8.67) kg vs 68.90 (10.08) kg, p=0.005], BMI [21.31 (2.54) kgm2 vs 23.72 (3.77) kgm2, p=0.022], WC [78.32 (5.57) cm vs 85.14 (8.72), p=0.003], and WHtR [0.464 (0.06) vs 0.50 (0.06), p=0.004].Compared with those in the upper tertile, women with NC in the lower tertile had lower mean weight [56.81(9.80) kg vs 66.08(13.50)kg, p=0.031], SBP [107.53 (15.59) mmHg vs 132.38 (15.85) mmHg, p<0.001], and DBP [69.27 (10.91) mmHg vs 84.69 (10.52) mmHg, p<0.001]. Conclusions: Neck circumference has positive association with, and predicts cardiometabolic risk factors, and may serve as an index of obesity in Ekiti, Nigeria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Positive association of neck circumference and cardio-metabolic risk factors in Ekiti, Nigeria

Raimi¹,

Dada²,

Solanke³

2018

Journal of Surgery and Medicine

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“…(CC with BMI 0.5, with WC 0.7 in male and 0.5 in female. 8 ) These cutoff levels for NC were associated with a significantly increased risk for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. 8 Significant positive correlation with BMI and WC were also reported in young adults from Bosnia and India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…8 ) These cutoff levels for NC were associated with a significantly increased risk for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. 8 Significant positive correlation with BMI and WC were also reported in young adults from Bosnia and India. 9,10 (with BMI r 0.70, 0.53, with WC 0.48, 0.38 in males and females 9 , r with BMI 0.81 10 ) In Bosnian adults, Cut off value of NC was 36cm, 38 cm, 30.9 cms and 33 cms in males and females respectively for overweight and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Neck Circumference as a Measure of Obesity Among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adults

Vibhakaran¹

2019

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that neck circumference (NC) is correlated with obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Being easy to measure, it may be useful in identifying individuals at risk for cardiometabolic disorders. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between NC with BMI and waist circumference (WC) in the assessment of obesity in young adult population with new onset diabetes. METHODS 117 consecutive subjects with new onset type 2 diabetes in the age group 18-44 years were included in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric and biochemical measurements were carried out using standard techniques. Pearson Product Movement Correlation Coefficient was used to find out correlation with other measures of obesity and ROC curve to determine its optimal cut off values. RESULTS Mean NC in males was significantly higher than in females. Pearson correlation showed that NC had a significant positive correlation with BMI (r 0.68, 0.49) and WC (r 0.63, 0.73) for both sexes. The strongest correlation was with WC followed by BMI, especially in females. The cut off value of neck circumference when compared with BMI in defining obesity was 38.2 cm in males and 34.2 cm in females. The cut off value of neck circumference with waist circumference in males was 38.2 cm. CONCLUSIONS NC is a potential, inexpensive, easily measured, and non-invasive valid initial clinical screening tool for evaluating central and generalised obesity.

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“…All studies were used cross-sectional data and had medium to high-quality. These studies were published between the year 2003 and 2017 and performed in the United states [21,25,48,51,55], China [19,20,23,28,29,53,56,57], India [27], Israel [38,39], Turkey [31,34,52], Korea [42], Japan [44], Iran [54], Spain [26], Bulgaria [50], Portugal [43], Brazil [30,40,47] and Saudi Arabia [49]. The results of most studies revealed that there is positive correlation between NC and blood pressure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NC is an important and novel anthropometric index and has multiple advantages than previous indices like BMI and WC. Estimation of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of NC by previous studies [59,64] suggest that NC performs better than WC in the assessment of metabolic health and NC is capable of predicting excess fat and cardiovascular risk factors. Blood pres-sure is one of the most important complications of obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Association Between Neck Circumference and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

et al. 2019

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Neck circumference (NC) has been suggested as a predictor for blood pressure disorders. Therefore, we sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the association between NC and blood pressure in adults. Pertinent studies were identified by searching PubMed and Scopus databases, up to March 2018. Studies which reported the correlation coefficient between NC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were selected. Also, studies reported the odds ratio (OR) of hypertension or pre-hypertension included adults older than 18 years old were selected. Results were pooled using a random-effects model. Of 29 studies included in meta-analysis, 26 studies reported only correlation coefficient, 3 studies reported only odds ratio and 2 studies reported both correlation coefficient and odds ratio. Overall, NC was significantly correlated with SBP [ES (z)=0.20; 95% CI=0.18, 0.23] and DBP [ES (z)=0.20; 95% CI=0.16, 0.24]. Type of correlation coefficient was the sources of observed heterogeneity. Also, NC was directly associated with the risk of hypertension (OR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.06–1.56), but not pre-hypertension (OR=1.18; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.52). Furthermore, subgroup analysis based on the region indicated that the studies conducted in Western regions reported higher risk of HTN in association with NC (OR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.23–1.32), but not among those conducted in the Eastern regions (OR=1.11; 95% CI: 0.96–1.28). NC seems to be a new anthropometric measurement, which is probably a good predictor of elevated blood pressure, especially in the Western population.

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Neck circumference as a marker of obesity and a predictor of cardiometabolic risk among Saudi subjects

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Positive association of neck circumference and cardio-metabolic risk factors in Ekiti, Nigeria

Positive association of neck circumference and cardio-metabolic risk factors in Ekiti, Nigeria

Neck Circumference as a Measure of Obesity Among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adults

Association Between Neck Circumference and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

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