Naturalistically observed conflict and youth asthma symptoms.

Tobin, Erin T.; Kane, Heidi S.; Saleh, Daniel J.; Naar‐King, Sylvie; Poowuttikul, Pavadee; Pierantoni, Wayne; Simon, Valerie A.; Slatcher, Richard B.

doi:10.1037/hea0000138

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although the inter-rater reliabilities of the specific EAR conflict codes all within acceptable limits (e.g., above .70 for 2,k), the alpha levels for the caregiver-youth conflict composite was low due to small correlations between youth yelling ( r = .13, p = .40) and mother yelling ( r = .15, p = .35) with mother-youth conflict. However, in previous work, we identified that the yelling codes were significantly correlated with youth daily reports of negative caregiver-youth interactions (31). Thus, on both theoretical grounds and for parsimony of conducting analyses, we retained the yelling codes in the conflict composite.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Asthma-Related Immune Responses in Youth With Asthma

Tobin

Kane

Saleh

et al. 2015

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Objective Stressful family environments early in life have negative effects on physical health. However, less is known about the health effects of positive aspects of families. We examined the associations between maternal responsiveness and immune markers among youth with asthma and identified youth expressions of positive affect as a potential mechanism of these associations. Methods Forty-three youths with asthma (26 males; aged 10-17) wore the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) for four days to assess maternal responsiveness and youth expressions of affect from audio-recordings of daily life. Trained coders rated EAR sound files for expressions of maternal responsiveness and affect displayed by the youth. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, cultured, and assayed to determine stimulated levels of interleukin(IL)-5, IL-13, and interferon(IFN)- γ. Results Greater maternal responsiveness was associated with decreased stimulated production of IL-5 (r = −.38, p = .012) and IL-13 (r = −.33, p = .031). Greater total positive affect in youth was linked with decreased stimulated production of IL-5 (r = −.46, p = .002) and IL-13 (r = −.37, p = .014). Total negative affect among youth was unrelated to immune responses. There was a significant indirect effect of maternal responsiveness via positive affect in youth on lower levels of IL-5 (95% CI = −3.41, −.03) and IL-13 (95% CI = −2.34, −.01) when adjusting for caregiver-youth conflict and negative affect among youth. Conclusions These results indicate the importance of positive family interactions for youth and provide preliminary evidence for a mechanism through which parenting can influence immune responses in youths with asthma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“… 1 Other papers from the same project have examined naturalistically observed conflict and asthma symptoms (31) and socioeconomic status and youth behaviors (32). The present analyses do not overlap with analyses from those other papers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Asthma-Related Immune Responses in Youth With Asthma

Tobin

Kane

Saleh

et al. 2015

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…19 A few studies have used the EAR with children, including in the context of health research. [20][21][22][23][24] The EAR has specific advantages for child research: it does not require the capacity to read or understand questions posed in questionnaires or to maintain attention during interviews. 25 Likewise, it does not rely on retrospective accounts of behaviour.…”

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confidence: 99%

Injury talk: spontaneous parent-child conversations in the aftermath of a potentially traumatic event

Alisic¹,

Gunaratnam²,

Barrett³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Background While talking about traumatic experiences is considered central to psychological recovery, little is known about how these conversations occur in daily life. Objective We investigated spontaneous injury talk among parents and children in the aftermath of a child's hospitalisation due to physical trauma, and its relationship with children's socioemotional functioning. Methods In a prospective naturalistic observation study, we audio-sampled the daily life of 71 families with the Electronically Activated Recorder after their child (3-16 years old) was discharged from hospital. We collected close to 20 000 snippets of audio information, which were double-coded for conversation characteristics, and measured children's socioemotional functioning with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at 6 weeks and 3 months postinjury. Findings The children were involved in injury talk for, on average, 46 min/day, 9 min of which referred to emotions. Children had significantly more injury conversations with their mothers than with their fathers. The tone of injury conversations was significantly more positive than that of non-injury conversations. More direct injury talk was associated with fewer problems on the emotion subscale of the SDQ at 3 months. Other associations between aspects of injury talk and children's socioemotional functioning were mostly non-significant, although they appeared to be stronger at 3 months than at 6 weeks. Conclusions Families spontaneously talked about the injury and associated issues for about the same amount of time per day as a therapist might within a session (a 'therapy hour'). Clinical implications Making full use of naturally occurring injury talk may be a valuable direction for parent and family-focused postinjury interventions. However, the study design prevents causal inference, and further exploration is warranted. BaCkgrOundThe consequences of injuries in childhood can go beyond physical health. While most children recover well, a minority experience long-term distress, impairing functioning and development.1 In particular, children admitted to hospital after injury are at risk of mental health problems (eg, post-traumatic stress or depressive symptoms), academic underperformance and social difficulties.

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“…In recent years, however, researchers have shifted their focus toward understanding the positive characteristics that shape family relationships (Kim, Haskett, Longo, & Nice, 2012; Tobin et al, 2015). Such research is necessitated by the fact that romantic relationship conflict does not indicate the absence of positive features in the relationship per se (Christensen & Walczynski, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Given the evidence that points to detrimental effects of negative family characteristics, it is important for researchers to identify positive aspects of family life that may serve as resource factors or mitigate asthma exacerbations. Emerging work points to beneficial relationships between maternal responsiveness and warmth with asthma related immune processes (Chen, Miller, Kobor, & Cole, 2011; Tobin, et al, 2015). A more comprehensive approach that assesses parental romantic relationships from the youth perspective may provide more insights into the influence of family environment on asthma morbidity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Youth reports of parents’ romantic relationship quality: Links to physical health.

Abbas¹,

Zilioli²,

Tobin³

et al. 2016

Health Psychology

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Objective Prior work has shown that negative aspects (e.g., conflict) of marriage or marriage-like relationships are associated with poor health of offspring, but much less is known about the effects of positive aspects (e.g., affection) of parental romantic relationships. This study investigated links between conflict and affection within parents’ romantic relationships and the health of youth with asthma. Method Eighty youths with asthma aged 10-17 answered daily questions over a 4-day period about conflict and affection within their parents’ romantic relationship, as well as their own daily mood, asthma symptoms, and expiratory peak flow. Results Multiple regression analyses revealed that romantic affection—but not conflict—was directly associated with higher expiratory peak flow. Further, there was a significant indirect effect of romantic affection via youth positive affect on lower asthma symptoms. Conclusion These results are the first to our knowledge to demonstrate that youth-reported positive characteristics of parents’ romantic relationships are associated with better health among youth with asthma.

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Naturalistically observed conflict and youth asthma symptoms.

Cited by 39 publications

References 53 publications

Asthma-Related Immune Responses in Youth With Asthma

Asthma-Related Immune Responses in Youth With Asthma

Injury talk: spontaneous parent-child conversations in the aftermath of a potentially traumatic event

Youth reports of parents’ romantic relationship quality: Links to physical health.

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