Native and Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Khalil, Amina; Anderson, Jonathan

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-4874-7_44

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…It was a case of late PVE, occurring beyond 12 months of cardiac surgery [14]. Even though most of the late PVE cases are community acquired and are caused by streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus , followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococci [14], in our case it was due to C. parapsilosis . Cases of later presentation with PVE, causing candidaemia following heart valve replacement, have been reported to occur within 1 year of surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Our patient had a mitral prosthetic valve vegetation and was easily caught on TTE because of its larger size [13]. It was a case of late PVE, occurring beyond 12 months of cardiac surgery [14]. Even though most of the late PVE cases are community acquired and are caused by streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus , followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococci [14], in our case it was due to C. parapsilosis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Candida parapsilosis – a rare case report

Sharma

Samantaray

Kumar

et al. 2023

Access Microbiology

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Fungal endocarditis is a rare and fatal condition, most frequently caused by species of the genera Candida and Aspergillus. Fever and changing heart murmur are the most common clinical manifestations. The diagnosis of fungal endocarditis is challenging, with prosthetic valve endocarditis being extremely difficult to diagnose. The optimal management of the condition still remains debatable. We present a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis, managed empirically with liposomal amphotericin B, which was later shifted to combination therapy with high-dose echinocandin and fluconazole, but had a fatal outcome because the patient could not undergo timely surgical intervention. Treating C. parapsilosis endocarditis cases is difficult because of their biofilm production on native and prosthetic heart valves. A combined approach consisting of a high index of clinical suspicion, early diagnosis using serological markers followed by culture or PCR and prompt initiation of appropriate antifungals may aid in improving outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Candida parapsilosis – a rare case report

Sharma

Samantaray

Kumar

et al. 2023

Access Microbiology

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“…Other refers to either other cultured or unidentified microorganisms. The values in this graph were obtained using the following references ( Cahill and Prendergast, 2016 ; Wang A. et al, 2018 ; DeSimone and Sohail, 2018 ; DeSimone and Sohall, 2018 , Babeș et al, 2021; Doring et al, 2018 ; Teoh and Hannan, 2018 ; Slawinski et al, 2019 ; Mateos Gaitán et al, 2020 ; Khalil and Soufi, 2022 ).…”

Section: Causative Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native valve, prosthetic valve, and cardiac device-related infective endocarditis: A review and update on current innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

Kouijzer

Noordermeer²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening microbial infection of native and prosthetic heart valves, endocardial surface, and/or indwelling cardiac device. Prevalence of IE is increasing and mortality has not significantly improved despite technological advances. This review provides an updated overview using recent literature on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, imaging, causative pathogens, treatment, and outcomes in native valve, prosthetic valve, and cardiac device-related IE. In addition, the experimental approaches used in IE research to improve the understanding of disease mechanisms and the current diagnostic pipelines are discussed, as well as potential innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This will ultimately help towards deriving better diagnostic tools and treatments to improve IE patient outcomes.

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“…The most common cardiac complications of PVE include heart failure from valve dehiscence, myocardial infarction from emboli, perivalvular abscess formation, intracardiac fistula, and pericarditis. Non-cardiac complications include stroke, encephalopathy, seizure, renal failure, and pulmonary embolism; these complications are usually the result of persistent bacteremia or an embolic event [ 2 ]. In 2019, the number of aortic valve replacements (transcatheter aortic valve replacements (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacements (SAVR)) in the United States totaled over 130,000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement to Treat Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis After Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Jena¹,

Patel²,

Desai³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is an uncommon complication after heart valve replacement surgery that can result in increased morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines for management of PVE recommend antibiotic therapy followed by surgical valve replacement. The number of aortic valve replacements is expected to rise in the coming years with the expanded indications for use of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with low, intermediate, and high surgical risk, as well as in patients with a failed aortic bioprosthetic valve. Current guidelines do not address the use of valve-in-valve (ViV) TAVR for management of PVE in patients who are at high risk for surgical intervention. The authors present a case of a patient with aortic valve PVE after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR); he was treated with valve-invalve (ViV) TAVR due to the high surgical risk. The patient was discharged, but he returned to the hospital with PVE and valve dehiscence 14 months after ViV TAVR, after which he successfully underwent reoperative SAVR.

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Native and Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Cited by 10 publications

References 87 publications

Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Candida parapsilosis – a rare case report

Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Candida parapsilosis – a rare case report

Native valve, prosthetic valve, and cardiac device-related infective endocarditis: A review and update on current innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement to Treat Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis After Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

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