Nasopharyngeal Stenosis

Nasopharyngeal Stenosis 101 for Craniofacial Teams: A Systematic Review on a Rare Condition

“…4,64,65 Additionally, multiple reconstructive methods have been described, including Z-plasty repair, pharyngeal flaps, and free tissue transfer. 13,20,23,26,60,61,66,67 Selecting the appropriate surgical technique for the repair of NPS may be difficult given its low incidence and the surgeon's limited experience with this diagnosis. 2 According to our review, bilateral local tissue arrangement demonstrated the lowest rate of refractory stenosis when performed as initial treatment.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13 The severity of the patient's symptoms must be weighed against the possibility of recurrence or multiple operations, as repetitive scarring and healing can contribute to worsening NPS. Of note, multiple studies we reviewed reported that the use of electrocautery may contribute to NPS recurrence, however, this was not supported by the results of our quantitative review.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13…”

Nasopharyngeal Stenosis 101 for Craniofacial Teams: A Systematic Review on a Rare Condition

“…4,64,65 Additionally, multiple reconstructive methods have been described, including Z-plasty repair, pharyngeal flaps, and free tissue transfer. 13,20,23,26,60,61,66,67 Selecting the appropriate surgical technique for the repair of NPS may be difficult given its low incidence and the surgeon's limited experience with this diagnosis. 2 According to our review, bilateral local tissue arrangement demonstrated the lowest rate of refractory stenosis when performed as initial treatment.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13 The severity of the patient's symptoms must be weighed against the possibility of recurrence or multiple operations, as repetitive scarring and healing can contribute to worsening NPS. Of note, multiple studies we reviewed reported that the use of electrocautery may contribute to NPS recurrence, however, this was not supported by the results of our quantitative review.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13…”

Acquired Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Correction Using a Modified Palatal Flaps Technique in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients

“…One of the first techniques presented in the literature is the one described by Fritz [13], in which a nasal mucosal flap is used. Other flaps have been suggested such as the laterally based pharyngeal flap by Cotton [14] or the transposition of a facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap by Wanjala Nangole [15]. However, one of the most used techniques is the one presented by Toh et al [8], which implies the transposition of a palatal and a pharyngeal flap.…”

Treatment of acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis using a removable silicone stent

“…12 In humans, nasal stenting plays an important role in the success of endoscopic and transpalatal choanal atre sia repair techniques, for many authors affirm that stent ing prevents postoperative stenosis. [25][26][27][28] The material used for the stent varies and the length of time it is left in place can range from several weeks to months.…”

Nasopharyngeal Stenosis 101 for Craniofacial Teams: A Systematic Review on a Rare Condition

“…4,64,65 Additionally, multiple reconstructive methods have been described, including Z-plasty repair, pharyngeal flaps, and free tissue transfer. 13,20,23,26,60,61,66,67 Selecting the appropriate surgical technique for the repair of NPS may be difficult given its low incidence and the surgeon's limited experience with this diagnosis. 2 According to our review, bilateral local tissue arrangement demonstrated the lowest rate of refractory stenosis when performed as initial treatment.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13 The severity of the patient's symptoms must be weighed against the possibility of recurrence or multiple operations, as repetitive scarring and healing can contribute to worsening NPS. Of note, multiple studies we reviewed reported that the use of electrocautery may contribute to NPS recurrence, however, this was not supported by the results of our quantitative review.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13…”

Acquired Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Correction Using a Modified Palatal Flaps Technique in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients

“…One of the first techniques presented in the literature is the one described by Fritz [13], in which a nasal mucosal flap is used. Other flaps have been suggested such as the laterally based pharyngeal flap by Cotton [14] or the transposition of a facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap by Wanjala Nangole [15]. However, one of the most used techniques is the one presented by Toh et al [8], which implies the transposition of a palatal and a pharyngeal flap.…”

Treatment of acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis using a removable silicone stent

“…12 In humans, nasal stenting plays an important role in the success of endoscopic and transpalatal choanal atre sia repair techniques, for many authors affirm that stent ing prevents postoperative stenosis. [25][26][27][28] The material used for the stent varies and the length of time it is left in place can range from several weeks to months.…”

Nasopharyngeal Stenosis 101 for Craniofacial Teams: A Systematic Review on a Rare Condition

“…4,64,65 Additionally, multiple reconstructive methods have been described, including Z-plasty repair, pharyngeal flaps, and free tissue transfer. 13,20,23,26,60,61,66,67 Selecting the appropriate surgical technique for the repair of NPS may be difficult given its low incidence and the surgeon's limited experience with this diagnosis. 2 According to our review, bilateral local tissue arrangement demonstrated the lowest rate of refractory stenosis when performed as initial treatment.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13 The severity of the patient's symptoms must be weighed against the possibility of recurrence or multiple operations, as repetitive scarring and healing can contribute to worsening NPS. Of note, multiple studies we reviewed reported that the use of electrocautery may contribute to NPS recurrence, however, this was not supported by the results of our quantitative review.…”

“…27,28 Similarly, Cotton reported that in severe refractory cases, staged right and left local tissue arrangement may decrease the recurrence of NPS as this would also minimize raw mucosa exposure. 13…”

Acquired Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Correction Using a Modified Palatal Flaps Technique in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients

“…One of the first techniques presented in the literature is the one described by Fritz [13], in which a nasal mucosal flap is used. Other flaps have been suggested such as the laterally based pharyngeal flap by Cotton [14] or the transposition of a facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap by Wanjala Nangole [15]. However, one of the most used techniques is the one presented by Toh et al [8], which implies the transposition of a palatal and a pharyngeal flap.…”

Treatment of acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis using a removable silicone stent

“…12 In humans, nasal stenting plays an important role in the success of endoscopic and transpalatal choanal atre sia repair techniques, for many authors affirm that stent ing prevents postoperative stenosis. [25][26][27][28] The material used for the stent varies and the length of time it is left in place can range from several weeks to months.…”