Nasal Shapes and Related Differences in Nostril Forms

Etoz, Betul Cam; Etöz, Abdullah; Ercan, İlker

doi:10.1097/scs.0b013e31818530a7

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…5 The sexual dimorphisms observed also said to have arisen due to the difference in the levels of testosterone between males and females, because testosterone was report earlier to cause a direct increase in the size and mass of muscles and bones, and thus causing differences in anthropometric parameters between the sexes. [6][7][8][9] This is in agreement with other studies by Olutu 10 Oladipo 11 who reported higher value (p<0.005) of all parameters in males compared to females but in contrast to study by Garadawa et al who found no significant sex differences 12 In this study, facial measurements were significantly higher in males than females which again demonstrated the existence of sexual dimorphism in this study. 8 This is similar to the study by Garadawa et al 9 and farkas et al 13 The mean upper facial height was longer than the mean lower facial height in both sexes and again similar to the findings of Garadawa et al 9 and farkas et al…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 35%

Sexual Dimorphism in Nasal Morphology as seen at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

Ogah¹,

Segun²

2014

IOSRJDMS

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 35%

Sexual Dimorphism in Nasal Morphology as seen at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

Ogah¹,

Segun²

2014

IOSRJDMS

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“…Therefore, it is unsuitable for absolute measurements, unless standardized procedures are followed to ensure a consistent, known magnification. However, it is ideally suited to the evaluation of proportions and shapes, as the magnification factor is eliminated [15]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics and differences of the shapes of the nostrils have been studied in several racial groups [13–15, 18, 21, 25, 26]. Among the classifications of nostrils, Farkas' classification divides the shape of nostrils by the angle between the right and left long nostril axes [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Philtral Columns and Nostril Shapes in Nigerian Children: A Morphometric and Aesthetic Analysis

Ibrahim

Eneye

2013

Plastic Surgery International

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Background. The upper lip-nose complex contributes significantly to the concept of symmetry and proportion of the face. A study of the morphology and aesthetic preferences of the lip-nose complex will provide a database that will serve as a guide for reconstruction. Subjects and Methods. Hundred Nigerian children participated in this study. Demographic data and standard photographs of the philtral column and nostrils were obtained. Sixty volunteers were recruited to evaluate the photographs. Each volunteer was asked to rank the photographs based on their aesthetic preference. Results. The morphology of the philtral columns was classified into four groups: (1) triangular, (2) concave, (3) flat, and (4) parallel. The nostril shape was also classified into four groups: (1) triangular, (2) round, (3) teardrop, and (4) rectangular. In both genders, the triangular shape of philtral column was the most common. There are significant age differences in the aesthetic rankings of philtral columns and nostril shapes. Conclusion. Our study establishes the basal values for the morphometric and aesthetic parameters of the lip-nose complex of 5- and 6-year-old children in Nigeria. We hope our results and reconstructive surgery will intersect at a point to treat disfigurements of the philtrum and nostrils successfully.

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“…Surgeons should be aware of differences in values of the anthropometric parameters of a normal nose in relation to gender, although there is no difference in the techniques of rhinoplasty in men and women [20]. Feminization of the male nose, associated with lack of understanding the differences in the shape of the nose in relation to gender, is not a rare complication of rhinoplasty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and ethnic aspects of preoperative planning for posttraumatic rhinoplasty

2010

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The aim of this study was to compare the aesthetic results of post traumatic rhinoplasty among Europeans with populations of healthy Caucasians described in earlier reports, and to collate correct parameters of nasal shape in healthy representatives of both sexes and various races for improvement in aesthetic results of surgery. 3-D scanning of the face was performed in 54 patients after posttraumatic septorhinoplasty. Analysis of 3D model was based on two indices of the nasal proportions and four angles of the region from 18 anthropological points. Parameters of the nasal shape in addition to gender were compared to average values of healthy Caucasian population, described before. Normal characteristics of the nose among individuals of three races from previous studies were also compared to one another. In females, mean height and width of the nose as well as length of both nostrils was smaller. Neither were there any significant differences in width of the nostrils and length of the nasal pyramid nor nasal prominence. Nasal proportions were similar in both sexes. Some of the nasal angles differed in addition to gender. Posttraumatic rhinoplasty resulted in correct shape of the nose similar to the healthy Caucasian population. The aesthetic nose differ among healthy individuals of the three races analysed. While preoperative planning is important, knowledge of the normal values of parameters characterising shape in both genders is equally important as the individual differences in relation to the whole face.

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Nasal Shapes and Related Differences in Nostril Forms

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Sexual Dimorphism in Nasal Morphology as seen at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

Sexual Dimorphism in Nasal Morphology as seen at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

Philtral Columns and Nostril Shapes in Nigerian Children: A Morphometric and Aesthetic Analysis

Individual and ethnic aspects of preoperative planning for posttraumatic rhinoplasty

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