Nanotechnology, a novel strategy in detecting Streptococcus agalactiae, and its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antiquorum sensing properties

Abstract

Streptococcus agalactiae or group B streptococcus is the cause of various infections in pregnant women and non‐pregnant adults with immunodeficiency, especially diabetics and infants. This bacterium can cause serious infections such as endocarditis, septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections with a high mortality rate. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles can play a central role in the management of such diseases due to their remarkable biocompatibility and distinct physicochemical characteristics. Nanoparticles are synthesized by various methods such as biological, chemical, and physical, and each has its own unique properties. Nanoparticles have antibacterial, anti‐biofilm, and antiquorum sensing properties in in vitro and in vivo conditions on human pathogens through different pathways. Different nanoparticles displayed that in addition to detecting S. agalactiae, it has antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antiquorum sensing effects on this bacterium. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to investigate different nanoparticles for the detection and effects of antibacterial, anti‐biofilm, and anti‐infestation assays against the human pathogen S. agalactiae.