Nanoscale torsional optomechanics

Kim, P. H.; Doolin, C.; Hauer, Bradley; MacDonald, Andrew; Freeman, M. R.; Barclay, Paul E.; Davis, J. P.

doi:10.1063/1.4789442

Cited by 73 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In dispersivelycoupled systems, the motion of the mechanical resonator shifts the resonance frequency of the optical cavity, which can in turn be observed as periodic changes in the amplitude or phase of light traversing the cavity. Optomechanics thus provides an extremely sensitive readout for micro-and nano-mechanical resonators, enabling their use as exquisite sensors of a variety of phenomena on small scales, including displacement [2], force [3][4][5], torque [6,7] and acceleration [8]. This readout sensitivity has also motivated fundamental searches for quantum properties of nanomechanical resonators [9] at, or near, their vibrational ground state where mechanical motion originates from quantum zero-point fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optomechanics and thermometry of cryogenic silica microresonators

et al. 2016

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We present measurements of silica optomechanical resonators, known as bottle resonators, passively cooled in a cryogenic environment. These devices possess a suite of properties that make them advantageous for preparation and measurement in the mechanical ground state, including high mechanical frequency, high optical and mechanical quality factors, and optomechanical sideband resolution. Performing thermometry of the mechanical motion, we find that the optical and mechanical modes demonstrate quantitatively similar laser-induced heating, limiting the lowest average phonon occupation observed to just ∼1500. Thermalization to the 9 mK thermal bath would facilitate quantum measurements on these promising nanogram-scale mechanical resonators.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optomechanics and thermometry of cryogenic silica microresonators

et al. 2016

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“…This indicates that a 10 4 improvement in the thermally limited sensitivity may be within reach. Even a modest improvement in sensitivity by an order of magnitude, in combination with a maximum driving field of 1 kA/m, could produce magnetic moment sensitivities below 2×10 5 µ B [5], enabling nanomagnetism-lab-on-chip studies of a wide range of systems [10,11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have been exploited for metrology applications including force and displacement detection [2,3], inertial sensing [4], torque sensing [5][6][7], and observation of mechanical quantum fluctuations [8]. Recently, microscale (∼ 10 -100 µm) cavity optomechanical devices were combined with magnetostrictive materials to create external magnetic field sensors [21].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanocavity optomechanical torque magnetometry and radiofrequency susceptometry

Wu¹,

Wu²,

Firdous³

et al. 2016

Nature Nanotech

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Nanophotonic optomechanical devices allow observation of nanoscale vibrations with sensitivity that has dramatically advanced metrology of nanomechanical structures [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and has the potential to impact studies of nanoscale physical systems in a similar manner [10,11]. Here we demonstrate this potential with a nanophotonic optomechanical torque magnetometer and radiofrequency (RF) magnetic susceptometer. Exquisite readout sensitivity provided by a nanocavity integrated within a torsional nanomechanical resonator enables observations of the unique net magnetization and RF-driven responses of single mesoscopic magnetic structures in ambient conditions. The magnetic moment resolution is sufficient for observation of Barkhausen steps in the magnetic hysteresis of a lithographically patterned permalloy island [12]. In addition, significantly enhanced RF susceptibility is found over narrow field ranges and attributed to thermally assisted driven hopping of a magnetic vortex core between neighboring pinning sites [13]. The on-chip magneto-susceptometer scheme offers a promising path to powerful integrated cavity optomechanical devices for quantitative characterization of magnetic micro-and nanosystems in science and technology.Torque magnetometry has seen recent resurgence owing to miniaturization of mechanical devices [14]. The high detection sensitivity of resonant nanomechanical torque sensors has allowed for minimally-invasive observations of magnetostatic interactions and hysteresis in a variety of magnetic materials including thin films [15], mesoscale confined geometries that are deposited [16] or epitaxially grown [17], and small aggregates of nanoparticles [18]. Going beyond the static limit, nanomechanical torque magnetometry has been extended to timescales allowing for detection of slow thermally-activated dynamics [12], AC susceptibility [17], and magnetic resonance [19,20].This powerful technique relies upon detection of the deflection of a mechanical element by angular momentum transfer originating from magnetic torques τ = µ 0 m×H, generated as the magnetic moments in the system, m, experience an orthogonally-directed component of the applied magnetic field, H. So far, improvements to torque magnetometers have been driven primarily by enhancements to the response of nanomechanical resonators resulting from their low mass and high mechanical quality factor (Q m ). Readout of magnetically driven motion has involved detection through free-space optical interferometric methods with very low optical quality factor (Q o ≈ 1) Fabry-Perot cavities formed between the nanomechanical resonator its supporting substrate [16]. However, as device dimensions scale down, and the number of magnetic spins become too small or the dynamics too fast, the mechanical deflections become more difficult to detect. Migration to a more sensitive readout scheme is essential. The integration of a nanoscale optical cavity offers a natural path for improvement. Nanocavity-optomechanical devices enhance mechanarXiv:...

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“…The exponential term is a natural choice when dealing with a logarithmic scale factor. Moreover, this Hamiltonian has experimental potential [29][30][31]. First, we look at the single-system case.…”

Section: Logarithmic Scale-factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Optomechanical Analogy for Toy Cosmology with Quantized Scale Factor

Smiga

2017

Entropy

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Abstract:The simplest cosmology-the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker-Lemaître (FRW) modeldescribes a spatially homogeneous and isotropic universe where the scale factor is the only dynamical parameter. Here we consider how quantized electromagnetic fields become entangled with the scale factor in a toy version of the FRW model. A system consisting of a photon, source, and detector is described in such a universe, and we find that the detection of a redshifted photon by the detector system constrains possible scale factor superpositions. Thus, measuring the redshift of the photon is equivalent to a weak measurement of the underlying cosmology. We also consider a potential optomechanical analogy system that would enable experimental exploration of these concepts. The analogy focuses on the effects of photon redshift measurement as a quantum back-action on metric variables, where the position of a movable mirror plays the role of the scale factor. By working in the rotating frame, an effective Hubble equation can be simulated with a simple free moving mirror.

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Nanoscale torsional optomechanics

Abstract: Non-linear mixing in coupled photonic crystal nanobeam cavities due to cross-coupling opto-mechanical mechanisms Appl.

Cited by 73 publications

References 44 publications

Optomechanics and thermometry of cryogenic silica microresonators

Optomechanics and thermometry of cryogenic silica microresonators

Nanocavity optomechanical torque magnetometry and radiofrequency susceptometry

Optomechanical Analogy for Toy Cosmology with Quantized Scale Factor

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