Nanoporous PtCo and PtNi alloy ribbons for methanol electrooxidation

Xu, Caixia; Hou, Jiagang; Pang, Xuehui; Li, Xiaojing; Zhu, Meiling; Tang, Bang-Ying

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.041

Cited by 125 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, the reduction peak of Pt oxides shifts to a more positive direction compared to the PtC and PtRu catalysts (as highlighted by dotted line in Figure 3a). The characteristics are typical to multi-component alloys [7,27,32,36,37]. Normally, the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) can be obtained from the equation ECSAPt (m 2 /g) = QH/(2.1 × mPt) by integrating the hydrogen ad/desorption charge and using the value of 2.1 C m −2 for the oxidation of a monolayer of hydrogen on a polycrystalline Pt electrode [35,38] Figure 3b, the specific activity of the np-PtRuCuW is 1.8 mA cm −2 , which is 3.6 and 2.9 times that of the PtC and PtRu catalysts (0.5 and 0.63 mA cm ).…”

Section: Catalytic Activity Of Np-ptrucuw At Anodementioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Performance of Multi-Component Nanoporous PtRuCuW Alloy for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Chen

Wang

et al. 2015

Catalysts

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Abstract:We have prepared a multi-component nanoporous PtRuCuW (np-PtRuCuW) electrocatalyst via a combined chemical dealloying and mechanical alloying process. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical measurements have been applied to characterize the microstructure and electrocatalytic activities of the np-PtRuCuW. The np-PtRuCuW catalyst has a unique three-dimensional bi-continuous ligament structure and the length scale is 2.0 ± 0.3 nm. The np-PtRuCuW catalyst shows a relatively high level of activity normalized to mass (467.1 mA mgPt) and electrochemically active surface area (1.8 mA cm −2 ) compared to the state-of-the-art commercial PtC and PtRu catalyst at anode. Although the CO stripping peak of np-PtRuCuW 0.47 V (vs. saturated calomel electrode, SCE) is more positive than PtRu, there is a 200 mV negative shift compared to PtC (0.67 V vs. SCE). In addition, the half-wave potential and specific activity towards oxygen reduction of np-PtRuCuW are 0.877 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) and 0.26 mA cm −2 , indicating a great enhancement towards oxygen reduction than the commercial PtC. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 1004

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Section: Catalytic Activity Of Np-ptrucuw At Anodementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of current catalysts has several disadvantages including the low catalytic efficiency as well as CO tolerance, and sluggish kinetics towards ORR. Much effort has been dedicated to alloying Pt with other metals (e.g., Fe [4], Co [5][6][7], Ni [5,8,9], Cu [10], Sn [11], etc.) to improve electrochemical activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Performance of Multi-Component Nanoporous PtRuCuW Alloy for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Chen

Wang

et al. 2015

Catalysts

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“…In addition, two intense satellite signals occur at 942.9 eV and 962.2 eV, which may be attributed to multielectron excitation and the satellite peaks is an obvious characteristic to recognize CuO among Cu 0 , Cu 1+ and Cu 2+ . 17 According to Cu 2p spectrum, Cu was oxidized completely during the etching. The CuO: Pd ratio of the samples was examined by ICP-AES.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Nanoporous Pd/CuO by Dealloying and Their Electrocatalysis for Methanol in Alkaline Condition

Zhu

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A novel and simple approach for fabrication of nanoporous Pd/CuO catalysts is reported. The nanoporous Pd/CuO catalysts were successfully prepared by chemical dealloying Ti-Cu-Pd amorphous alloy in a 1.25 M HCl solution. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tests homogeneous nanoporous structures are formed. The Pd: CuO ratio of the catalysts could be controled by adjusting the original composition of the alloy. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) were used to measure the electrocatalytic activities of the Pd/CuO catalysts. It was found that the catalytic activity was improved firstly and then depressed by increasing Pd content within both EASA and methanol electro-oxidation region. The catalyst prepared by Ti 30 Cu 60 Pd 10 ribbon showed the best catalytic activity due to appropriate Pd: CuO ratio. The peak current densities in the CV curves were increased with the increase of the methanol concentration, and the catalysts maintained good electrocatalytic activities in the solution with high methanol concentration (4 M). In addition, the charge transfer resistance tested by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) decreases with the increase of CuO content, this indicates Pd : CuO ratio plays very important role in the electro-catalytic process and confirms the bifuntional mechanism of CuO. Small organic molecules have attracted intense attention as promising applications in fuel cell field. To date, Pt and Pt based catalysts are the most widely used catalysts in fuel cell anode for small organic molecules electro-oxidation.1 However, the commercial application of fuel cells is limited by the high cost and low stability of traditional Pt catalysts.2 Hence, it is important to develop new catalysts with low cost and high electrochemical activities. Pd is the most Pt-like material, and compared with Pt, Pd is less expensive. Moreover, Pd catalysts exhibit higher electro-catalytic perfromence and better CO resistance than Pt. However, the bulk Pd cannot meet the requirement of commercial application due to its relatively low catalytic activity.Adding auxiliary materials is a traditional way to enhance the catalytic activity of Pd. The foreign metal can improve the catalytic activity via electronic effect, such as Ni, 2 Co, 3 Fe 4,5 and Ru. 6 Moreover, noble metal catalysts usually suffer from catalysts poison induced by CO adsorption during the catalysis process. The oxygen-containing groups generate on transition metal oxides (such as CuO,7 TiO 2 8 and WO 3 ) 9 can effectively remove CO, therefore the transition metal oxides is another common species of auxiliary materials.In order to maximize the utilization of Pd, it is necessary to synthetize catalysts with high specific surface area. Nanoporous materials have been drawn much attention for their wide applications such as sensing, 10 catalysis 11,12 and fuel cells 2,4,13 due to their large specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivities and high stability. Many efforts have been devoted to...

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“…When alloyed with Pt, Ni induces charge transfer from Ni to Pt, thus modifying the electronic structure of Pt and giving rise to a lower density of states at Fermi level [18]. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to explain the MOR activity enhancement by addition of Ni to Pt [34,35]. The structure and reactivity of Pt (7−x) Ni x (x = 1, 2, 3) clusters derived from the coupled tetragonal pyramid (CTP) structure of Pt 7 have been studied using DFT calculations [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through the analysis of electronic structure, it was inferred that the modification of Pt electronic structure likely offset the electron transfer from CO 5σ orbital to Pt and reduces the CO poisoning. To simulate the experimental cases, in DFT calculations Xu et al [35] used Pt 2 M (111) slabs with pure Pt surface. The d-band center of Pt shifted to a lower value after the incorporation of Co or Ni, in agreement with the results of Stamenkovic et al obtained using a Pt 3 M model [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Antolini¹

2017

Energies

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Abstract:In view of a possible use as anode materials in acidic direct alcohol fuel cells, the electro-catalytic activity of Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) catalysts for methanol and ethanol oxidation has been widely investigated. An overview of literature data regarding the effect of the addition of Ni to Pt and Pt-M on the methanol and ethanol oxidation activity in acid environment of the resulting binary and ternary Ni-containing Pt-based catalysts is presented, highlighting the effect of alloyed and non-alloyed nickel on the catalytic activity of these materials.

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Nanoporous PtCo and PtNi alloy ribbons for methanol electrooxidation

Cited by 125 publications

References 58 publications

Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Performance of Multi-Component Nanoporous PtRuCuW Alloy for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Performance of Multi-Component Nanoporous PtRuCuW Alloy for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Preparation of Nanoporous Pd/CuO by Dealloying and Their Electrocatalysis for Methanol in Alkaline Condition

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

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