Nanopore Ceramic Membranes as Novel Electrolytes for Proton Exchange Membranes

Vichi, Flávio Maron; Colomer, M.T.; Anderson, Marc A.

doi:10.1149/1.1390821

Cited by 80 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…The thin-film nanoporous oxides investigated were prepared by sol-gel methods [18][19][20], with the magnetoelastic sensors, after sputter-coating the sensors with the adhesion promoting Pt layer, dipcoated in the sol and withdrawn at a rate of 0.95 mm/s; the average pore size of TiO 2 thin films was approximately 7.7 nm [21]. The films were dried and subsequently fired at 300°C to achieve thin films comprised of 10 nm particles, with an average porosity of 35% and specific surface area of 160 m 2 /g.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Detection Using Nanoporous PtTiO2 Coatings Applied to Magnetoelastic Thick Films

Zhang

Tejedor

Anderson

et al. 2002

Sensors

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This paper reports on the use of nanoporous Pt-TiO 2 thin films coated onto magnetoelastic sensors for the detection of ethylene, an important plant growth hormone. Five different metal oxide coatings, TiO 2 , TiO 2 +ZrO 2 , TiO 2 +TTCN(1,4,7-Trithiacyclononane)+Ag, SiO 2 +Fe, and TiO 2 +Pt, each having demonstrated photocatalytic activity in response to ethylene, were investigated for their ability to change mass or elasticity in response to changing ethylene concentration. Pt-TiO 2 films were found to possess the highest sensitivities, and coupled with the magnetoelastic sensor platform capable of sensing ethylene levels of < 1 ppm.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Detection Using Nanoporous PtTiO2 Coatings Applied to Magnetoelastic Thick Films

Zhang

Tejedor

Anderson

et al. 2002

Sensors

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“…Polymeric electrolytes (e.g., Nafion) have limitations with respect to thermal stability, so that they are mostly limited to temperatures below 100°C. [10,11] In addition, polymeric systems require a catalyst whose optimal operation temperature is inconsistent with the thermal stability of the polymer. Another factor for these systems is the cost.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unprecedented Room‐Temperature Electrical Power Generation Using Nanoscale Fluorite‐Structured Oxide Electrolytes

et al. 2008

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The conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy through the use of fuel cells is an important step in the transition to a hydrogen-based economy. [1,2] Of the many types of fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), employing either oxygen ions or protons as charge carriers, provide an efficient, environmentally benign, and fuel-flexible power generation system that can be adapted for small power units (including mobile applications) and for large scale power plants. [3,4] However, SOFCs require high temperatures (800-1000°C), a condition that presents material degradation problems, [5,6] as well as other technological complications and economic obstacles. [7] Numerous attempts have been made to find alternative systems that can be operated at lower temperatures. [8,9] We report here unprecedented observations of power generation at temperatures as low as room temperature using dense bulk nanostructured yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and samaria-doped ceria (SDC) as electrolytes. This behavior is observed only when the material is nanostructured (grain size ∼ 15 nm). Open circuit electromotive force (emf) (up to 180 mV for YSZ and 400 mV for SDC) and closed circuit currents (∼ 6 nA for YSZ and 30 nA for SDC) were measured from water concentration cells, indicating proton conduction within the nanostructured oxides. These results show that with optimization, viable power generation using water concentration cells at room temperature is a possible goal. Low-temperature protonic conduction has been reported before for polymeric electrolytes and for structurally hydrated (i.e., hydrous) oxides. However, these materials have limitations that have largely restricted their further considerations for practical utilization. Polymeric electrolytes (e.g., Nafion) have limitations with respect to thermal stability, so that they are mostly limited to temperatures below 100°C. [10,11] In addition, polymeric systems require a catalyst whose optimal operation temperature is inconsistent with the thermal stability of the polymer. Another factor for these systems is the cost. In the case of hydrous oxides (e.g., SnO 2 · nH 2 O, ZrO 2 · nH 2 O, WO 3 · nH 2 O [11][12][13][14] ), the loss of structural water (at low temperatures, < 100°C) changes the protonic conductivity irreversibly, [12] with a concomitant degradation of mechanical properties. We were successful in making dense, bulk nanostructured YSZ (8 mol % yttria) and SDC (20 mol % samaria) with a grain size of ∼ 15 nm through the use of field-activated sintering of nanopowders.[15] We found ionic conductivity at low temperatures in structurally unhydrated YSZ only when the grain size of the material is in the nanoscale. [16] In the present work, we use these materials as electrolytes and demonstrate electrical power generation at room temperature using water concentration cells. We constructed concentration cells, using the nanostructured YSZ and SDC as electrolytes, as shown schematically in Figure 1. We measured the emf of both the YSZ and the SDC cells at room t...

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“…Some recent experiments have drawn attention to the possibility that enclosing Nafion in cylindrical pores penetrating an impervious membrane could lead to interesting new properties [22,23]. In our most recent work we have analyzed the nano-morphology of low-watercontent ionomers contained within cylindrical pores of this type.…”

Section: Nafion In Cylindrical Poresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Report

Taylor¹

2012

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Nanopore Ceramic Membranes as Novel Electrolytes for Proton Exchange Membranes

Cited by 80 publications

References 0 publications

Ethylene Detection Using Nanoporous PtTiO2 Coatings Applied to Magnetoelastic Thick Films

Ethylene Detection Using Nanoporous PtTiO2 Coatings Applied to Magnetoelastic Thick Films

Unprecedented Room‐Temperature Electrical Power Generation Using Nanoscale Fluorite‐Structured Oxide Electrolytes

Final Report

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