Nanoparticle formation in a cavitation bubble after pulsed laser ablation in liquid studied with high time resolution small angle x-ray scattering

Ibrahimkutty, Shyjumon; Wagener, Philipp; Menzel, Andreas; Plech, Anton; Barcikowski, Stephan

doi:10.1063/1.4750250

Cited by 179 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Further, the influence of excess vacancies on precipitation during cooling needs to be explored. This can be done by adapting the cooling rates at high temperature, which influence the excess vacancy concentration due to annihilation on defects.SAXS is a useful tool to monitor precipitation phenomena during fast time and temperature changes given that a sufficiently high electron density contrast between the precipitate and matrix exists [4,8,10]. SAXS provides the means to collect information on the size and volume fraction of the precipitates that can then be directly compared to predictions of thermodynamic-based precipitation models [11,12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Early cluster formation during rapid cooling of an Al–Cu–Mg alloy: In situ small-angle X-ray scattering

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tThe formation of Cu-Mg clusters in an Al-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy is observed by small-angle X-ray scattering during cooling. Cooling rates are choosen to mimic the different conditions obtained at the surface and in the center of large forgings. Clusters of 0.45 nm start to form at 250°C. Their volume fraction depends strongly on the cooling rate and the amount of excess vacancies. The difference in cluster kinetics explains the difference in rapid hardening across large forgings.Ó 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Age-hardenable Al-Cu-Mg alloys are widely used for aerospace and engineering applications owing to their high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. Their age hardening response is characterized by two distinct stages. The first stage is defined by a fast initial increase in strength, which is known as rapid hardening. It was shown by 3D atom probe tomography (APT) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments that the rapid hardening is associated with the formation of Cu-Mg clusters [1][2][3][4]. The second rise to peak hardness is generally ascribed to the formation of the equilibrium S phase (Al 2 CuMg) [4,5].For industrial applications, the Al-Cu-Mg alloys are commonly processed as large components such as forgings or plates. The mechanical properties are tailored by the age-hardening treatment, which also involves a quenching step. Thermal gradients decrease from the surface to the center and give rise to residual stresses (RS) [6]. The magnitude of the as-quenched RS can be very high and even exceed the as-quenched strength of the materials [6,7]. In the case of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys, the high as-quenched RS are caused by the formation of fine hardening precipitates that form during quenching of large components and thereby increase the yield strength of the material [8,9].In order to predict the RS formation in industrial components during quench, the changes of the nanostructure during cooling conditions close to industrial practice needs to be characterized as they highly impact the yield strength and thus the internal stress generation. Further, the influence of excess vacancies on precipitation during cooling needs to be explored. This can be done by adapting the cooling rates at high temperature, which influence the excess vacancy concentration due to annihilation on defects.SAXS is a useful tool to monitor precipitation phenomena during fast time and temperature changes given that a sufficiently high electron density contrast between the precipitate and matrix exists [4,8,10]. SAXS provides the means to collect information on the size and volume fraction of the precipitates that can then be directly compared to predictions of thermodynamic-based precipitation models [11,12]. These models can be coupled with macroscopic finite-element RS simulations to better predict the residual stress formation during the processing of industrial components [9,13] as part of through-process modeling.This work investigates the Cu-Mg cluster ...

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confidence: 99%

Early cluster formation during rapid cooling of an Al–Cu–Mg alloy: In situ small-angle X-ray scattering

et al. 2015

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“…This may be a unique feature of the cavitation bubble induced by liquid-phase laser ablation, since the deformation of the cavitation bubble is not observed when it is produced by an ultrasonic power [26,27]. Since it has been found that the growth field of nanoparticles in liquid-phase laser ablation is the inside of the cavitation bubble [36][37][38][39][40], the present experimental results may explain the origin of the high zeta potential of the colloidal solution synthesized by liquid-phase laser ablation. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The experimental results are consistent with a model calculation which assumes free charges on the gas-liquid boundary. Since it has been shown that the growth field of nanoparticles in liquid-phase laser ablation is the inside of the cavitation bubble [36][37][38][39][40], it is suggested that the origin of the high zeta potential of the colloidal solution synthesized by liquid-phase laser ablation is the electrical charges stored in the cavitation bubble.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge phenomena in a cavitation bubble induced by liquid-phase laser ablation

Sasaki¹,

Takahashi²

2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract.We observed the discharge phenomena in a cavitation bubble induced by liquid-phase laser ablation. A remarkable result was the deformation of the cavitation bubble. The formation of a swelling was observed from the cavitation bubble when the gas-liquid boundary reached a close distance from a needle electrode. The growth direction of the swelling was perpendicular to the gas-liquid boundary. The discharge toward the center of the target occurred when the swelling connected the electrode and the cavitation bubble. These experimental results suggest the perpendicular electric field to the gas-liquid boundary of the cavitation bubble. In other words, the cavitation bubble induced by liquid-phase laser ablation is conductive and it has free charges.

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“…The experimental result clearly shows the growth of nanoparticles inside the cavitation bubble. The growth of nanoparticles inside the cavitation bubble has been confirmed by Ibrahimkutty and coworkers by small-angle x-ray scattering [13,14]. Another important knowledge obtained by our previous experiment is that nanoparticles are stored inside the cavitation bubble until its collapse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Spectrum of laser light scattered by nanoparticles in an ablation-induced cavitation bubble

Takeuchi

Sasaki

2016

Appl. Phys. A

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The spectrum of the laser light scattered by nanoparticles in a cavitation bubble, which was induced by laser ablation of a titanium target in water, was measured using a triple-grating spectrograph. The scattered laser light observed at 100 µs after laser ablation had no wavelength-shifted component, suggesting that nanoparticles at this delay time were metallic. The wavelength-shifted component was observed in the spectrum at a delay time of 200 µs, suggesting the formation of oxidized nanoparticles. However, we observed no peaks in the spectrum of the scattered laser light in the present in-situ laser-light scattering experiment. On the other hand, we observed clear peaks in the Raman spectrum of synthesized nanoparticles. The experimental results suggest slow crystallization of nanoparticles in liquid in liquid-phase laser ablation.

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Nanoparticle formation in a cavitation bubble after pulsed laser ablation in liquid studied with high time resolution small angle x-ray scattering

Cited by 179 publications

References 24 publications

Early cluster formation during rapid cooling of an Al–Cu–Mg alloy: In situ small-angle X-ray scattering

Early cluster formation during rapid cooling of an Al–Cu–Mg alloy: In situ small-angle X-ray scattering

Discharge phenomena in a cavitation bubble induced by liquid-phase laser ablation

Spectrum of laser light scattered by nanoparticles in an ablation-induced cavitation bubble

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