Nanomaterials Meet Li-ion Batteries

Kwon, Nam Hee; Brog, Jean‐Pierre; Maharajan, Sivarajakumar; Crochet, Aurélien; Fromm, Katharina M.

doi:10.2533/chimia.2015.734

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Nanosized particles of LCO, obtained by a new pathway, showed improved properties as, because of the smaller grains, they had a higher Li‐ion diffusivity and, consequently, a higher reversible capacity . The precursors used for the formation of these nanosized LCO particles were lithium alkoxides and/or aryloxides, THF, methanol, and cobalt chloride (a source of Co ions).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early‐Stage Sustainability Evaluation of Nanoscale Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Hischier¹,

Kwon

Brog

et al. 2018

ChemSusChem

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Results of an early-stage sustainability evaluation of two development strategies for new nanoscale cathode materials for Li-ion batteries are reported: (i) a new production pathway for an existing material (LiCoO ) and (ii) a new nanomaterial (LiMnPO ). Nano-LiCoO was synthesized by a single-source precursor route at a low temperature with a short reaction time, which results in a smaller grain size and, thereby, a better diffusivity for Li ions. Nano-LiMnPO was synthesized by a wet chemical method. The sustainability potential of these materials was then investigated (at the laboratory and pilot production scales). The results show that the environmental impact of nano-LiMnPO is lower than that of the other examined nanomaterial by several factors regardless of the indicator used for comparison. In contrast to commercial cathode materials, this new material shows, particularly on an energy and capacity basis, results of the same order of magnitude as those of lithium manganese oxide (LiMn O ) and only slightly higher values than those for lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO ); values that are clearly lower than those for high-temperature LiCoO .

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These materials have a better Li‐ion diffusivity than conventional materials because of the smaller grain size. For instance, LMP in combination with carbon black could lead to a capacity up to 20 % higher than that of commercially used lithium iron phosphate (LFP) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early‐Stage Sustainability Evaluation of Nanoscale Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Hischier¹,

Kwon

Brog

et al. 2018

ChemSusChem

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“…A short ball milling of CNT for 10 min increased Kwon et al prepared composites consisting of various shaped nano-LiMnPO 4 in particle sizes between 30-100 nm (SSA = 18-100 m 2 g −1 ) with high surface area of Ketjen black carbon (SSA = 1400 m 2 g −1 ) via ball milling [59]. Ketjen black carbon is rather more suitable than large particles (>1 µm) of graphite to cover the high surface area nano-LiMnPO 4 particles [118]. An optimization of the ball milling time was carried out with 20 wt% of Ketjen black carbon in 10 mL of stainless steel with 3 mm in diameter of 30 stainless steel balls.…”

Section: Ball Milling Of Nanomaterials and Limnpo 4 /C Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Carbon Additives in LiMnPO4- and LiCoO2-Based Cathode Composites for Lithium Ion Batteries

2018

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Carbon plays a critical role in improving the electronic conductivity of cathodes in lithium ion batteries. Particularly, the characteristics of carbon and its composite with electrode material strongly affect battery properties, governed by electron as well as Li+ ion transport. We have reviewed here various types of carbon materials and organic carbon sources in the production of conductive composites of nano-LiMnPO4 and LiCoO2. Various processes of making these composites with carbon or organic carbon sources and their characterization have been reviewed. Finally, the type and amount of carbon and the preparation methods of composites are summarized along with their battery performances and cathode materials. Among the different processes of making a composite, ball milling provided the benefit of dense and homogeneous nanostructured composites, leading to higher tap-density and thus increasing the volumetric energy densities of cathodes.

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“…They obtained nanoparticles of LiCoO 2 by thin film formation [ 38 ], but did not characterize them electrochemically. Nanoparticles of HT-LCO have the advantage to offer shorter diffusion lengths for the Li-ions as compared to the commercial, micron-sized particles from which only ~50% of Li-ions can be used [ 26 , 35 ]. On the other hand, since batteries are typically also shredded upon recycling, the use of nanomaterials in batteries might present a certain danger, which requires a risk management for new materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and properties of nano-LiCoO2 synthesized by pre-organized single source precursors: Li-ion diffusivity, electrochemistry and biological assessment

et al. 2017

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BackgroundLiCoO2 is one of the most used cathode materials in Li-ion batteries. Its conventional synthesis requires high temperature (>800 °C) and long heating time (>24 h) to obtain the micronscale rhombohedral layered high-temperature phase of LiCoO2 (HT-LCO). Nanoscale HT-LCO is of interest to improve the battery performance as the lithium (Li+) ion pathway is expected to be shorter in nanoparticles as compared to micron sized ones. Since batteries typically get recycled, the exposure to nanoparticles during this process needs to be evaluated.ResultsSeveral new single source precursors containing lithium (Li+) and cobalt (Co2+) ions, based on alkoxides and aryloxides have been structurally characterized and were thermally transformed into nanoscale HT-LCO at 450 °C within few hours. The size of the nanoparticles depends on the precursor, determining the electrochemical performance. The Li-ion diffusion coefficients of our LiCoO2 nanoparticles improved at least by a factor of 10 compared to commercial one, while showing good reversibility upon charging and discharging. The hazard of occupational exposure to nanoparticles during battery recycling was investigated with an in vitro multicellular lung model.ConclusionsOur heterobimetallic single source precursors allow to dramatically reduce the production temperature and time for HT-LCO. The obtained nanoparticles of LiCoO2 have faster kinetics for Li+ insertion/extraction compared to microparticles. Overall, nano-sized LiCoO2 particles indicate a lower cytotoxic and (pro-)inflammogenic potential in vitro compared to their micron-sized counterparts. However, nanoparticles aggregate in air and behave partially like microparticles.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-017-0292-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Nanomaterials Meet Li-ion Batteries

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Early‐Stage Sustainability Evaluation of Nanoscale Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Early‐Stage Sustainability Evaluation of Nanoscale Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

A Review: Carbon Additives in LiMnPO4- and LiCoO2-Based Cathode Composites for Lithium Ion Batteries

Characteristics and properties of nano-LiCoO2 synthesized by pre-organized single source precursors: Li-ion diffusivity, electrochemistry and biological assessment

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